Study On Effect Of Alfalfa On Production Performance And Tissue Biochemical Index Of Yellow River Carp

To study the effect of alfalfa meal on the production performance;quality of fish body;antioxidization capacity;lipid metabolism and digestive physiology of yellow river carp.We did three experiments.The first experiment: To study the effect of alfalfa meal on production performance ,meat quality and body color, 750 yellow river carps (initial BW= 248.70±1.31 g )were divided into five treatments(0%,5%,10%,15%,20% alfalfa meal), 3 replicates in each treatment, 50 carps for each replicate. The results showed that: (1) Carps fed with 5% and 10% alfalfa meal were superior in average individual daily weight gain, weight gain rate, relative growth rate to that of no alfalfa meal treatment. Although the two groups had no significant difference (P>0.05). The average individual daily weight gain, weight gain rate, relative growth rate and feed conversion rate of carps fed with 15% (significantly) and 20% (extremely significantly) alfalfa meal were decreased.(2)Crude protein content of muscle in group I and II was higher than control group, but the content in group III and IV was lower. Crude protein content of muscle in group II was significantly higher than control group and group IV(P<0.05).With the amount of alfalfa meal increasing, EE of muscle was significantly decreased(group IIIandIV). It showed that alfalfa meal could improve the meat quality of carps.(3) The content of carotenoid in muscle and skin was extremely significantly increased with the amount of alfalfa meal increasing(except group I ).(4) Economic profit of carps fed with diets containing 5% and 10% alfalfa meal was better than control group,but there was no significant difference (P>0.05).The second experiment:When feeding trial ended, 3-5 carps each pond were slaughtered to study the effect of alfalfa meal on antioxidization capacity and lipid metabolism. The results showed that: (1) Hepatopancrac and serum SOD and GSH-PX activity was significantly or extremely significantly increased when 5％and 10％alfalfa meal was added to the diet.At the same time, the content of MDA in the two groups was decreased.(2) The concentration of totle cholesterol and TG in serum was dropped with the amount of alfalfa meal was increasing.GroupⅣwas significantly lower than control group(P＜0.05). The others had no significant difference compared to the control group(P＞0.05). (3) The concentration of totle cholesterol and TG in hepatopancrac and muscle was lower than control group. The concentration of totle cholesterol of groupⅢandⅣin hepatopancrac and muscle significantly decreased (P＜0.05). The concentration of totle cholesterol of groupⅡin hepatopancrac significantly decreased (P＜0.05).But the two groups had no significant difference in muscle(P＞0.05). The concentration of TG in hepatopancrac of groupⅣextremely significantly decreased (P＜0.01).There was no significant difference in muscle(P＞0.05).The third experiment: When feeding trial ended, 3-5 carps each pond were slaughtered to study the effect of alfalfa meal on digestive physiology. The results showed that: (1) Adding alfalfa meal had no significant influence on digestive tube index (P＞0.05).(2) The activity of digestive enzymes of groupⅠandⅡwas higher than control group. The protease in hepatopancrac of groupⅠand that in hepatopancrac and hindgut of groupⅡwas significantly increased (P＜0.05). The amylase in hepatopancrac and hindgut of groupⅠwas significantly increased (P＜0.05). The amylase of groupⅡwas significantly increased in each organise (P＜0.05) (3) Adding suitable levels of alfalfa meal to carp diet increased the height of villus.GroupⅡsignificantly increased the height of villus in foregut (P＜0.05). But high content of alfalfa meal (15％and 20％) decreased the height of villus.