The Genetic Diversity Of Annual Wild Soybeans In Henan Province

Genetic diversity is the core of biodiversity. Generally speaking, genetic diversity is the total variation of the lives in the earth as well as in narrow sense it is the genetic variation of a species. Studies on the genetic diversity of annual wild soybeans not only provide the materials for cultivated soybeans to broaden their genetic bank, but also provide a base for the research on the origination and evolution of soybeans.Annual wild soybeans, the ancestors of cultivated soybeans, are important sources of major genes for resistance to pests, diseases and environmental stresses thus a natural gene bank for cultivated soybeans. In China, more than 6500 accessions of annual wild soybeans have been collected, representing more than 90% germplasm in the world. Henan province locates on the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, and its various landform and climate provide agreeable environment for annual wild soybeans. It has collected 305 accessions in Henan province, representing 5% germplasm in China.This experiment studied the genetic diversity of the annual wild soybean in Henan province on the morphological and molecular level, and made a comparison to Shanxi accessions, too. Based on the analysis, the distribution of genetic diversity and the genetic diversity center of Henan accessions were made clear.The main results were as follow:1. Of eight qualitative traits, the seed coat color had the highest Shannon-weaver index and the pubescence color had the highest Simpson index, while the cotyledon color had the lowest variation. Of four quantitative traits, the oil content of accessions had the highest genetic diversity, while 100-seed weight had the highest coefficient of variation.2. The genetic diversity of 268 accessions of annual wild soybeans in Henan province was evaluated based on the variation at 33 SSR loci. 443 alleles were found in total, with each locus having a mean of 13.4 alleles; the mean value of Simpson index was 0.7196 and the mean value of Shannon-weaver index was 1.7741. Among SSR primers, Satt005, Satt022, Satt146, Satt429, Satt431 and Satt530 had more alleles and higher Simpson index.3. Among the seventeen cities, Jiyuan had the highest genetic diversity for its larger genetic diversity in eight qualitative traits and the larger coefficient of variation in four quantitative traits. The Nei's standard genetic distance of 17 cities ranged from 0.0735 to 0.5079, with a...