Study On High Quality And Bumper Harvests Of Wine Grape In Wuwei Area

The area of plain of Wuwei is one of the best region that produce raw material of wine grape.When develop strongly grape industry base,sumary comprohensive techniques of high quality and high yield and positive extend it to production through study,it can promote effectively grape base management progress of regularly,standardize and good quality,make it develop performance social effect and economic effect.Through study on divide culture region and selection of grape varities,rapid propagation technique of good seedling,techniques of garden area selection and set up garden,techniques of high quality and high yield,techniques of defensive cold in winter.The effects are remarlcably.The results including:1.Cultivation region divide and high quality varities select.Wuwei is divided into three cultivations regions,they are cultivation region of Shiyang river downstream,cultivation region of Liangzhou edge of desert and cultivation region of edge of Gantang to Wuwei railroad in Gulang.The main cultivation varities of Shiyang river downstream are Cabernet Sauvignon,Merlot,Pinot Noir,Cabernet France and Blue France.The main cultivation varities of Liangzhou edge of desert are Merlot,PinotNoir,Chardonnay,Italian Riesling, White Riesling.The main cultivation varities of edge of Gantang to Wuwei railroad in Gulang are Chardonnay,White Riesling,Pinot Blanc,Pinot Noir and Blue France.2.Technique of rapid propagation of seedling.First dip for four hours in liquid of ABT2 with concentration from I00 to 150mg/kg,then root haste ning for twenteen to fourteen days through increasing temperature with electric seed bed geater and cuttage in the bag in greenhouse,it can be nurse in early spring and seedlings will lome out and plant in a year.Selected the optimum culture medium of tissue propagetion,take off successfully fan leaf virus and leaf carl virus,resolved problem of high rate of dead in disinfection with HgCl₂,discovered penicillin can prevent germ and enhance germination of tissue and improve growth of wine grape.3.Garden area selection.Conditions garden area selection in the new area of development of edge of desert that has irrigation conditions,the geography is flat,the soil layer thickness is beyond one meter,sandy soil,PH value is not beyond 8.5,take shelter from wind and facing the sun.4.Design of setting up the garden,Install meshform with main forest shelterbelt(face of south to north)and vice forest shelterbelt(face of east to west),the mesh is 100 to 200 meters long and 100 meters width.Dista nce between plants is from 0.7 to 1.2 meters,distance between rows from 2.5 to 3 meters,line face is south to north.Plant single variety in a plot,then connects big scale with differert varieties.5.Setting up the garden.When set up the garden,first open the ditch to change soil and applies fertilizer,then plant and cover film.The period of settle to plant:Finished product seedling plant in late April.Nourishment bag seedling plant in mid- May to early June.Adopt the procedure of plant of finished product seedling settles to plant in spring and container seedling repair to plant in June and July.6.The techniques of cultivation of high quality and high yield.â‘ Frame form:The "V" stake of width top and trellis and stake.â‘¡Tree form:fan-shaped with many main branches,no main pole,a tree has three to four main branches,the appearance that training facing line and trending to two ends.â‘¢Tip pruning of leading shoot and handling vice shoot:Four days before bloming,new shoot has four leaves after tip pruning.Two to three vice shoot above bunch has two to three leaves after tip pruning,three to four vice shoot of top has four to six leaves after tip pruning,other vice shoot take off completely.â‘£Cut in winter:adopt mix cut with mid-shoot and short-shoot according to different varities and target yield and computer bud counts with single tree.⑤Soil management:The best and valid way of improving soil is to increase organic fertilizer,especially increase green manure.The plough and take off grass with manual and machine has three to four times annually,plough depth is ten to fifteen centimeter.It is good that plant farm crop with short growth period and.short pole such as melon,bean,green manure in apart bewteen rows and stay 1.2 meter width nourishment space to grape.â‘¥Different fertilizer element and different quantity fertilizer:N,P,K chemical element comparison is 4:2:5.The method of applying fertilizer is manuring at sowing,manuring late and leaf spray application of fertilizer.⑦Irigation:Keeping the soil humidity contains beyond 8 percent.Guarantee supply of water in bud bursting period,seven to ten before bloom,after fall flower and fall fruit,fruit growth period,before fall leaf and cover with soil.Don' t irrigation in blooming period and berry maturity period.⑧Application of plant growth regulator:It is neccesary thet spray handle of different plant growth regulator(stain,maturation)according to different region,different varieties.⑨Pest and disease control:Regard" reasonable control method" theories as to guide,seedling disinfect and plant seedling no virus as the point of departure,quarantine and measure of nursury forest for foundation,adopt the physics prevention and living prevention,and applied science chemistry agrochemical,valid control endanger.â‘©The phenomenon sun scorch control:When handle bunch,hide the bunch in the leaf fascicle.Also can cover exposed bunch with branches and leaves and put on fruit bag to exposed bunch.7.The technique of wintering and frost protection.The best dependable and simple method of wintering and frost protection is to covever with soil in winter.Enhance management of plant tree in the summer and in the autumn and promoting mature completely of branchs.The expansion of ditch plants can make deepened distribute of root of grape.The measure of adoption antifrost stock can increase effectively cold hardiness of the plant.The best valid countermeasure of harm strong late frost is to adopt polypropylene film of defend frost in the area.The valid way that wine grape avoid and reduce harm of late frost is to irrigate water in early Spring.8.sumary main point of cultivation techniques of wine grape in Wuwei region.