Agronomy Measure And Environment Control Technique To Improve Yield And Storage-Resistant Quality On Potato

The technology of potato storage is commonly backward in our country.Compared with the foreign countries,the advanced facility,cold storage in constant temperature, are very few in using,only in several enterprises and academic institutions.The capacity is very limited.In production the rotten rate of potato storage is general beyond 20%,adding to the rot caused by plant diseases,insect pests and planting technology and so on,the loss is very large.Aimed at the difficult problem about the potato decomposing,the study bases on the practice of potato production,and analyzes the effects of potato storage from variety choice,agricultural measures and different cellar styles.The major achievements are as following:1.By studying the effects of the different agricultural measures on the yield of potato, we find out a suitable high yield agricultural technology system for the area. Compared with the five potato varieties cultivated in Weiyuan,we seek out the best virus-free varieties,Longshu No.3 and Longshu No.4,and the yield is up to 76538.25kg/hm~2 in the plastic condition,increasing 62.64%and 68.12%to the contrast.By using a quadratic regression and saturation optimizal design,we establish the imitated equation between the three major fertilizers and the yield of potato,and obtain the best scheme of fertilizer in this area:when stable manure is 98863.64 kg/hm~2,nitrogen fertilizer is 60.426 kg/hm~2 and phosphorus fertilizer is 57.17 kg/hm~2,the yield is up to 74173.2 kg/hm~2;after introducing the potassium fertilizer,the yield is the highest while nitrogen fertilizer is 110.4 kg/hm~2,phosphorus fertilizer is 90.5792 kg/hm~2 and potassium fertilizer is 105.6407 kg/hm~2.2.By studying the effects of the different agricultural measures on storage tolerance of potato,it lays a theory foundation and provides some technology indexes for preventing and curing the rot in cellar.The results indicate the most durable one is Kangyibai,the second is Weiyuan N8 and Longshu N4,in contrast with the different cultivated varieties.The effect of plastic covered technology on storage tolerance is not notable.With the imitated equation,we get the optimum and durable fertilizer level:stable manure is 96402.975 kg/hm~2,nitrogen fertilizer is 61.228 kg/hm~2 and phosphorus fertilizer is 47.511 kg/hm~2 when in brisk or stone cellar;while in the soil cellar,nitrogen fertilizer is 127.5 kg/hm~2,phosphorus fertilizer is 78.9657 kg/hm~2 and potassium fertilizer is 75.9726 kg/hm~2. 3.By studying the major styles of cellar in potato producing area of our province,we find out the optimum style of cellar and the major technology indexes mediating the inside micro environment.Determining the optimum cellar in experimental field is brick or stone cellar,the storage tolerance is up to 88.82%,the second is soil cellar and the cement cellar is the last.the major technology indexes for mediating the inside microenvironment is that the range of temperature is 9℃-2℃, the optimum relative humidity is 89.5%,carbon dioxide density is about 503.2ppm,such is the best environment for storage.4.From the above studies,the technology of high yield system and storage tolerance of potato is well settled which can be operated easily,and a procedure of technology operation is drafted.After apply in practicing the storage tolerance of potato is beyond 85%,rotten rate is bellow 5%,which is important to the development of potato production in the poor area and also has a good prospect for spreading and practicing.