The Effects Of Mulching With Well-cellar Transplanting And Transplanting Time On The Output And Quality Of The Flue-cured Tobacco

The field experiment with two factors—the mulch and the transplanting time,was conducted,the effects of different treatments on tobacco planting environment,flue-cured tobacco growth,physiological index,and the coordination of the inherent chemical composition and the physical and economic characters of flue-cured tobacco leaves.The results indicate that:1?Tobacco planting environment.This experiment is a double-factor test under the background of well-cellar transplanting method.Compared with no straw mulching,the methods of straw mulching and film mulching have a certain warming effect.Especially in the rainy day,the film mulching method has the best effect.Later,when the outside temperature becomes higher,film mulching method plays an important role in stabilizing the soil temperature.At the early stage,film mulching method obviously helps to elevate the temperature of tobacco planting soil,accelerates the transformation of fertilizer in the soil and increases soil available nutrient content.And at a later stage,it helps to increase the available nutrient content in the soil by replenishing nutrients.2?The growth of flue-cured tobacco plant.With the transplanting time delay,the growing stage becomes shorter and shorter.Compared with no straw mulching,applying mulch can extend the effective growth stage in some degree.And the straw mulching has the best effect.Mulch and the transplanting time have different influences on agronomic trait during different growing stage.And the influence of the main factor mulch id more obvious.Film mulching has good effect at the early stage,while at the late stage,the straw mulching does.3?Tobacco physiological index.It's helpful to increase the chlorophyll content in the tobacco leaves by applying mulch and advancing the transplanting time appropriately.During vigorous growing and topping stage,the leaf net photosynthetic rate,the stomatal conductance and the transpiration rate have a higher level.With the advance of tobacco developmental process,the root vitality increases firstly and decreases subsequently.And the vitality is the highest before and after the topping stage during three measurement period.The maturity of lower-stalk tobacco can keep higher vitality with the straw mulching.4?The chemical composition of the cured tobacco.Mulch,especially the straw mulching,and the early planting in suitable time have an active influence on the improvement of the quality of flue-cured tobacco.The treatment with A1B2(film mulching and well-cellar deep planting under the film in 10 days advance),A2B1(straw mulching and well-cellar deep planting under the film in 5 days advance)and A2B2(straw mulching and well-cellar deep planting under the film in 10 days advance)has the best result,and the coordination of the inherent chemical composition is the best.5?The physical characters of flue-cured tobacco leaves.The length,width,single leaf weight,thickness and equilibrium moisture content of the processed B2F level tobacco leaves are all in suitable state,and the stem radio with the film mulching is higher.The physical characters of the processed C3F and X2F level tobacco leaves are more suitable with A1B2,A2B2 and A2B1 treatment.6?The reasonable mulch and the suitable transplanting period helps to improve the output,average price,output value and the radio of superior and mid-high grade leaves of flue-cured tobacco,and the general performance is better with the A1B2,A2B1 and A2B2treatment.To evaluate comprehensively,the cultivation combining the treatment A2B1(straw mulching and well-cellar deep planting under the film in 5 days advance)with straw mulching(straw mulching amount is 4000kg/hm~2)has the best result.