Studies On Organic-Inorganic Compound Fertilize Of Tobacco And Its Application

Flue-cured tobacco is an important economical crop in China, its quality deciding value. However, currently there have been some problems with the production of flue-cured tobacco, such as low using rates of fertilizer, bad quality not reaching its qualification of excellent ones, soil deterioration and so on. So it is key to improve fertilizer using rates, tobacco leaves and soil environment. Here, a new special organic-inorganic mixed tobacco special fertilizer was developed after being mixed with organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer by their certain rate in the form of ball. The changing law of the release of nutrients, the mineralization and nitration characteristics of nitrogen, and approaches to enhance tobacco quality and quanlity in the special mixed fertilizer were studied.The results of the mixed fertilizer's releasing law based on the intermissive pouring and washing showed: in the whole experiment period, a "S" curve was found in the accumulation of release of nitrogen, phosphor and kalium, with their peaks respectively in the 21th, 28th, and 28th-35th day, consistent with the theory of absorbing nutrients in plants.The mineralization and nitration culture experiments in lab comparing the mixed tobacco fertilizer to common inorganic tobacco special fertilizer indicated that in the soil with 65% water content of outward fields and temperature of 30℃, the mineralization rate of nitrogen of the mixed fertilizer was 2.8-3.2%, which was 40.0-60.0% higher than that of common fertilizer. In the period of 0-18 day, only net stabilization progress was shown, and inorganic nitrogen had been released since the 18th day, a peak of 0.69-0.76% of mineralization rate in the 35th day, following that was a descending trend of nitrogen releasing. Meanwhile, it was proved that nitration did not change largely from the start point to the end of culture experiments, 31.5-32.0% of nitration rate in 7th day, and 90.5-91.1% in the end. Otherwise, inorganic nitrogen releasing was initiated in the start point, a peak of 0.41% of mineralization rate in the 21th day, after that nitration rate was speeded with less inorganic nitrogen release, a peak of 84.9% of nitration rate in the 28th day.In lab and field experiments, the effects of organic-inorganic mixed tobacco special fertilizer on the development of tobacco and chemical elements and value after being flue-cured were studied, and the results showed:1. The mixed fertilizer was beneficial to the development of flue-cured tobacco, with growing fast, higher speed of the coming of leaves, more dry mass, and being sooner to go into the bloom period, increasing leaves production , the proportions of in the middle parts leaves production and economical benefit.2. The field experiments showed that the mixed fertilizer could improve the quality of tobacco leaves, Kalium content, with wood gram is worth and sugar-nicotine ratios more harmonious.