| Chinese cherry′s fruit is smaller,the flesh softer and the weight lower,while Europen sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) fruit is bigger, flesh flaky great weight. Chinese cherry (Prunus pseudocerasus ) palatability Sweet-cherry fruit, rich in flavor; Sweet cherry fruit lacks sweetness, tab in flavor . In the taste People prefer Chinese Cherry. Therefore, based on the character that quality of Chinese Cherry is excellent . Sweet Cherry body is large, the meat is tough,and storage is relating long , we can improve and innovate the germplasm, which is very important.In the experiment, comparison of fruit characters between sweet cherry and Chinese cherry was carriedout, and Cherry distant hybrid tissue culture was also studied. Experiments were carried out between 2006a and 2007a in Laboratory of Fruit Biology and Hengleng Fruit Breeding Base of Shandong Agricultural University. Four Sweet cherry cultivars,'Dazi','Changbahong','Hongdeng','Yanglao', and Chinese cherry of Taian were used as parents to investigate immanence and appearance of their fruits. Using the hybrids from embryo salvage, experiments were studied on segment original culture, buds proliferation, root culture and transplant, and the segment culture system was opimized. Besides, tissue culture system of hybrids between sweet cherry and Chinese cherry was studied, which may provide germplasm for a father breeding and relational research. In addition, somehybrids were successfully transferred to soil and identified by RAPD, SSR molecule marker, and so on. The results showed that:1. In different sweet cherry cultivars, the soluble protein content had no difference, but the soluble sugar had differences, the'Elton'had the highest sugar content as 14.52%. The soluble protein and soluble sugar of Chinese cherry was higher more than four cultivars of sweet cherry, in which soluble protein of Chinese cherry was 1.98 3.6 times of sweet cherry and soluble sugar of Chinese cherry was higher 3.6 4.7 percent than sweet cherry.2. On the appearance'Hongdeng'had the highest fruit weight as 8.54g, the shortest fruit stem as 2.58 cm and the smallest ratio of lengthways length and transverse length as 0.77 in sweet cherry, the fruit stem of Chinese cherry was 1.885 cm which was shorter than sweet cherry but had the smallest fruit weight as 1.35g.3. By the flavor evaluating'Elton'was sweet and acid but others were acid and sweet in sweet cherry, the Chinese cherry was sweeter than sweet cherry which is accorded with the content of sugar.4. Explants used in tissue culture for cherry distant hybrid should be collected in spring and one-year-old. Stem segment uses non-lignification or half- lignification whose armpit buds have basicly achieved growth. The disinfection of explants adopted 2% NaClO for 12 minutes. The results showed that the higher chroma and more time treated by NaClO may cause higher excution and browning to young tissue.5. The problem of bacteria pollution get better when treated with 0.3% Xinjieermie for 2 minutes and with 2% NaClO for 12 minutes. This method obviously restains bacteria propatation.6.Aseptic water and culture medium(1/2MS+6-BA0.8mg·L-1+IAA 0.1mg·L-1 )supplemented with 10 mg·L-1 VC have good effect on controlling browning of stem-segment.7. A suitable initial culture medium which is in favor of cherry distant hybrid stem-segment armpit buds bourgeoning and growning contain 1/2MS+6-BA0.5mg/L+IAA0.1mg/L+Vc10 mg·L-18. 1/2 MS+6-BA 0.5mg·L-1+IBA 0.1mg·L-1 is made for lightening vitrification phenomena which occurred in prolifeation and is a ideal culture which can induce and proliferous clusters. Coeffient of proliferous is 5.7, and development of new tips may reach 2.6 cm.9. 1/4 MS+IBA 0.5 mg·L-1 +PP3330.1 mg·L-1 is evidently better than 1/2 MS+IBA 0.2 mg·L-1+Vc 10 mg·L-1 and MS+IBA 0.5 mg·L-1 on rootage. There are more root and they are more strong. The plantlets could normally root and survive after transplantation between October and November.10.The distant hybrids were subjected to genetic analysis using RAPD and SSR molecular marker which showed the identification of the plantlets.
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