Epidemiology And Control Of Piroplasmosis In Dairy In Nanyang City

The dairy piroplasmosis is a kind of blood protozoosis transmitted through ticks. Piroplasmosis had made great pecuniary loss because of it's high mortality, decreasing of milk yield, inducing abortion, expensive treatment, milk abandon, even misdiagnosis and mistreatment.Three kind of pathgens of piroplasmosis, Theileria annulata, Babesia bigemina, Babesia boris, were identified in 3322 catfles infected with piroplasm in 13 counties of NanYang City, Henan Province between 2003 and 2005 through visiting and interviewing of veterinarians and researchers, autopsy and laboratory examination. The peak of piroplasmosis was always during july and September, with Hyalomma detritum and Boophilus microplus as vector. Young cattles at their 1-7 years could be infected and cattles at the 4th year were susceptible, and adult healthy cattles were unsusceptible. The infections of cow in Wolong and Wancheng county were more serious than that in the other 13 infected counties. Disease with acute symptom, high morbidity and mortality rate were always occurred at the beginning of the disease and new epidemic area of infectious disease. Disease with chronic symptom and low mortality and inapparent infection were always appeared at the end of the disease and the old epidemic area. The investigation also suggested that morbidity appeared in cattles grazing at flood land were higheir than that in Feeding cattle. High carrier rate were found by serum diagnosis in cows without symptoms, and these carries may be the infection sources in the next year.Examinations and blood smears were carried out every day in infected cattles and the conditions were recorded in detail. Died cattle.s were dissected to find out the causes of the death. Hyperthermy persistant, hemophthisis, jaundice, hemogiobinuria were determined as the main symptoms in this disease through dissection. The staining methods were modified, especially the combination of Wright's and Giemsa staining methods were the first to be used. This method was objective and ease to handle and extend. And the accuracy of the method was more than 98%.During the treatment course, the cases accurately diagnosed were divided into groups and treated with Berenil, Imidocarb, Acriflavine etc. At the same time the control groups were used for the sake of confirming the cure effect. The results showed that the curative effect was trustworthy for curingpiroplasmosis in calves by Berenil, Imidocarb, Acriflavine,Qujiaosan of Chinese traditional veterinary medicine. The "Qujiaosan" is designed by ourselves with pure Chinese herb drugs, which have no poisonous and harmful effects, no residual, low prices and easy obtainment. Its curative effect is reliable and deserved being utilized generally.In prevention aspect, we performed experiments of eliminating ticks and vaccine immunity, i.e., drug screening experiment for eliminating ticks, comparisons of prevention medcines experiments and inoculating experiment using the glue freezing cell vaccine of Theileria schizont. Results illustrated that the best medicines for eliminating ticks were the "AVERMECTIN" injection and the "MIEPILING" oils praeparatum. The protection rate was 61.6% using the glue freezing cell vaccine of Theileria schizont. Eliminating ticks using the pure Chinese herb praeparatum have no poisonous and harmful effects, and no visually harmful reaction, therefore, possess good prevention effect, deserved being utilized generally.It had acquired very good effects taking measures described above in testing area. The accuracy of diagnosis achieved 98%, the cure rate up to 95%, and the incidence rate could be controled less than 2.2%.If this study project is generally utilized, which could efficiently contral piroplasmosis in calves, it will eliminate the worriment of the cultivation households, largely improve the cultivating activation of many cultivation households or facilities, help the peasants to shake off poverty and get rich, ensure the sufficient source of milk for people and the milk process industry, promote the development of district economy. It possesses largely significance for serving the countryside, agriculture and peasants.