A Study On Problems In Production Of Organic Rice On Shanghai Farm And Countermeasures

Based on investigation into datas of Shanghai Farm, which is located in the northwest of Dafeng, Jiangsu (the first ecological county in China), including its natural resourse, regional economy, rice production and process in the latest twenty years, this paper analyses, together with survey on ecological factors such as air, water and soil, the soil condition of organic rice production base , its rice breeds, prevention and cure of diseases, with a focus on problems encountered in organic rice production since the experiment to current mass production. Conclusions are as follows:The air, water and soil of Shanghai Farm are suitable for the production of organic rice. With its expanding of stockbreeding, the Farm is actively promoting the the production of nuisance-free rice. The organic rice base, certified by the Certification Center of State Enverenmental Protection Administration, occupies only a small part of the current rice planting area on the Farm. However, with the rapid development of livestock Industry on the Farm, and future expansion of organic rice market, organic rice production will be further developed. In recent years, agrculture adminstration department on the Farm carried out various experiments and application, such as: pig waste fertilization of organic rice, development of biologic and physical pest control methods, selection of high quality organic rice breeds, etc. Technical regulations of organic rice production have basically been shaped, and thus accelerated organic rice production.Despite the positive conditions, problems still exist in the organic rice production on Shanghai Farm. Owing to the strong alkalescence and high salinity, the soil here is salt-affected sandy loamy soil, wich does not have a good ability to release nitrogen. Therefore, in the process of organic rice production, where chemical fertilizers are not used, nitrogen released by the soil can not meet the needs of rice. Moreover, as laodelphax striatellus being rampant in recent years, Rice Stripe Virus Disease has become a serious problem. In the 21 century, this incidence of this disease is quite high every year, which has brought great difficulty to organic rice production. At present, biological medicines are broadly applied in the process of organic rice productin to prevent and cure rice blast disease, while biological and herbal medicines for curing diseases such as stripe virus disease and sheath blight disease are still to be found. After the promotion of anti-stripe virus disease rice, rice sheath blight disease has become the primary disease that affects organic rice production. As most of the rice breeds promoted in Jiangsu cannot resist sheath blight disease, the Farm should further its investigation into organic rice disease prevention and control.The following are some pieces of advice concerning the above mentioned problems: implementation of integrated layout and design of organic rice base, together with alteration of facilities, improvement of pig waste utilization rate, enhancement of envirenmental protection and extinction of envirenmental pollution; the harmony and continuous development of stockbreeding and organic rice industry; selection of anti-disease breeds so as to meet the needs of organic rice production; formulation of technical regulations of organic rice production; establishment and development of disease forecast system; populization of planting techniques; enhancement of envirenmetal awareness among inhabitants on the farm, etc.