Study On Rape Stalk Fermentation And Its Application In Soilless Culture

This experiment studied the key techniques of comminuted rape stalk fermentation by setting four factors and four levels,which were different length(15cm,10cm,5cm and 0.2cm),different C/N value(25:1,30:1,35:1 and 40:1),different moisture content (50%,60%,70%and 80%)and different kinds of nitrogen(disinfected chicken dung, carbamide,(NH₄)₂SO₄ and Ca(NO₃)₂).Effects of different zymogens included Feishite,HM and Jinbaobei on rape stalk fermentation were studied.Then mixed the fermented rape stalk substrate with turf,perlite and vermiculite as some compound substrate,and studied the effects of the compound substrates on tomato seedlings growth.The results indicated that:1.The favorite condition of rape stalk fermentation was that length 5cm,moisture content 70 percent,C/N value 25 and chicken dung as the nitrogen.As effects of different factors on temperature as concerned,the better condition of C/N value was 25～40,which showed that the temperature could keep on the high level with the C/N value.The experiments also showed that exorbitant moisture content was not good for temperature rising quickly in prophase.Chicken dung was better than urea,(NH₄)₂SO₄ and Ca(NO₃)₂ for the temperature raising quickly and keeping on the high level longer.Chicken dung contained more kinds of microbes than other kinds of nitrogen,which was good for the rape stalk fermentation.The condition of moisture content 70 percent,length 5cm could provide better concentration of oxygen for the growth and propagation of microbes.2.The treatments adding the zymogens could advance rape stalk fermentation significantly with about 16 days.The best treatment adding HM zymogens showed that temperature rising quickly,keeping temperature on high level longer,volume reducing remarkablely,and fiber and lignin decompost rate was the highest,terminal C/N value was the smallest,the restraining effects of substrate extract on cabbage seed and tomato seed was the smallest.The effects of fermentation in the treatment adding Feishite or Jinbaobei took the second place.The effects of fermentation in the treatment with no zymogens were the worst.3.The effects of different compound substrates on the growth of tomato were significant.The germination rate,seediing surviving rate,physique characters, physiological characters,dry matter productions of T8 treatment(50%rape stalk substrate+25%vermiculite+25%perlite)were better than the control treatment (50%perlite+50%turf).The T8 treatment behaved the best of all.There was no significant difference between T1 treatment(100%rape stalk substrate)and control treatment of the germination rate and seedling-surviving rate.But the growth of T1 treatment lagged behind the control in the last period of growth.T4 treatment(75%rape stalk substrate+25%perlite) behaved the worst.Its germination rate,seedling-surviving rate,physique characters, physiological characters,dry matter productions were the worst of all,which may due to the higher EC value that restrained the growth of tomato.The other treatments could reach the level of the control treatment.All that indicated rape stalk could take place of turf as the cultural substrate for seedling if it was mixed properly.