| Ephedra sinica Stapf. was regarded as research object in this thesis. The growth state and the accumulating dynamics of major effective components of aerial part of E. sinica cultivated in saline-alkali soil in western Jilin were studied. And the affection of different saline-alkali soils on growth state and the accumulating dynamics of major effective components of aerial part of E. sinica were studied, too. The aim of this research is to provide the theoretical evidence for the feasibility of the cultivation of E. sinica in saline-alkali soil in western Jilin.After seeding in May 22nd, height, node number and the biomass of aerial part of E. sinica increased fast. In August 22nd the height was 24.96cm, and it increased slower than before. The height was 25.96cm in September 6th and then it stopped to increase nearly. In August 6th the average node number of E. sinica. was 8.2, and it increased slower than before. After 8.6 nodes in August 22nd, its increase nearly stopped. After August 22nd the biomass of aerial part of E. sinica (fresh weight:833.70mg, dry weight:298.83mg) increased slower than before. In September 6th the increasing of biomass of aerial part (fresh weight: 966.85mg, dry weight: 374.83mg) nearly stopped.After seeding, the total alkaloids of E. sinica, ephedrine and pseudoephedrine content in aerial part increased fast. The peak of the content of total alkaloids was 0.2394% in September 22nd. The content of ephedrine was 0.0526% in August 22nd and then it increased slower than before and reached 0.0754% in October 6th. The content of pseudoephedrine reduced from 0.0114% in August 22nd to 0.0080% in September 6th and then it increased again to 0.0155% in October 6th. N-methylephedrine was so low that its content reduced from 0.0011% in August 22nd to 0.0006% in September 6th, and then increased slowly to 0.0015% in October 6th.The results of potted experiment indicated that affection of soil pH, conductivity and organic matter content on the height and biomass of aerial part of E. sinica was not significant when pH ?ü8.20, conductivity≤406.58μs/cm and organic matter content ?Y 28.10g/kg. The affection of soil conductivity on the height and biomass of the aerial part of E. sinica was not significant when it≤406.58μs/cm. But the growth was restrained significantly when conductivity≤557.42μs/cm. The growth was reduced significantly when the organic matter content of soil≤21.36g/kg. When the soil pH≤8.20, several important alkaloids in aerial part of E. sinica increased with the pH increase.The soil of number 6 (pH 9.98, conductivity 982.42|ìs/cm, organic matter content 21.28g/kg) is heavy salt-alkali one, the height and biomass of aerial part of E. sinica grown in it is very low. The growth of E. sinica and the content of important alkaloids were reduced badly.The above results indicated that E. sinica could resist middle-degree salt-alkali soil, and it can be planted in western Jilin province on a large scale.According to the results of growth dynamics and accumulation dynamics of alkaloids, the best harvest time of of E. sinica was about October 1st in the western of Jilin and the best harvest age was triennium herb.The extraction method of the effective components in aerial part of E. sinaca was studied through the comparison ultrasonic extraction and decoction with water and 0.5% hydrochloric acid as solvent. The results indicated that the extraction rate of ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, N-methylephedrine and total alkaloids were water/ultrasonic extraction > 0.5% hydrochloric acid/decoction > 0.5% hydrochloric acid/ultrasonic extraction > water/decoction. So water/ultrasonic extraction was used in this research. |
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