| To identify high-quality rice resources, comparison test was carried out in Sichuan Agricultural University in 2006 with 19 rice varieties introduced from Japan as material. The main agronomic traits, yield and quality traits were investigated by using correlation analysis, principal components analysis and cluster analysis methods. The results were as follows:1 Agronomic characters analysis of introduced cultivarsThe range from sowing to the beginning ear of introduced varieties was 83-116d and entire period of duration ranged from 123 to 156d. The days from sowing to the beginning ear of varieties W110,W115,W116,J222 and the duration of varieties W110,W115 in Ya an changed a lot, other varieties did not have big changes. Single tiller number of the varieties presents the tendency of increasing firstly and reducing laterly, varieties J223, W132, Qiu Tian Xiaoding, W126, W123 reached the maximum tiller number after transplanting 35d and other varieties reached the tiller peak after transplanting 27d. Of all the introduced varieties, J223 tiller number was the highest, next for JiaGaoCheng, W115, W116 and W132 was the lowest. At the stage of beginning ear, the sword leaf SPAD value of QiuTian Xiaoding was higher than the comparison, while the varieties JiaGaoCheng, jia F91 were lower than the comparison slightly. In the mature period, the sword leaf SPAD value of QiuTian Xiaoding, JiaGao Cheng, jia F91 were higher than the comparison. The plant height amplitude was 83.45～109cm, The hight of varieties W132,W123,J218,W125 had non-significance difference compared with the control, other varieties' height wass obviously lower than that of the comparison. Range of variation of the length of sword leaf was: 24.28～38.83 cm, and the sword leaf length of varieties WHO, W125, J218, W134, JiaF91, Jia L86 were obviously higher than that of the comparison.The sword leaf angle variation range was: 6.1～30.3°, and there was not significant difference between variety J218, J223, JiaL86, JiaGaoCheng and the control. The length amplitudes of the second leaf from the top was from 29.58 to 48.18cm, and the second leaf from the top of varieties J218, W123, W140 were significantly higher than that of the comparison. The sword blade width range of variation was small, which ranged from 1.04 to 1.5cm. The sword leaf area amplitude was 19.69～40.78cm~2, widths amplitudes of the second leaf from the top was 0.93～1.28cm, the second leaf from the top area amplitudes was 22.46～44.43 cm~2, the ear length amplitude was 13.31～21.08 cm, the first branch number amplitude was 6.8～9.6, the second branch number number range of variation was 7.3～21.5, and the width and area of sword leaf and the second leaf from the top, the ear length and the first and the second branch number of introduction varieties' were remarkably lower than the those of comparison. Per ear grain number amplitude was 59.44～170.70, grain number of per ear of variety W125 was 2.73% higher than compares, which reached the remarkable level.Grain density per ear amplitude was 4.28～8.10, variety W125, W132 were extremely remarkable higher than the comparison. Coefficient of variation of the sword leaf, angle, ear of total number of seeds were big, and the height, the first and the second branch number and ear length had small variation coefficient. Part varieties' height had the increase tendency, sword leaf angle have the trend of decrease and other indexes did not show obvious change law after being introducd to Ya an.2 Yield and its traits analysis of introduced cultivarsEffective ears per square meter amplitude of introduced varieties was 448.92～742.68. Of all the introduced varieties, Effective ears per square meter of variety J223 was the highest and J210 was the lowest; The number of grains per ear amplitude was 59.4～150.7, W125 ear of number of seeds are most, W126 are least; The introduced variety weight of a thousand seeds amplitude was 21.2～27.8 g, grains weight of W125 was the lightest, J223 was the heaviest; Each introduced variety fertility range of variation was 53～88%, W123 fertility was the lowest, W126 was the highest, the variety W126 fertility was higher than the comparison. The actual output amplitude was 0.43～0.79 kg/m2, the variety W134 output was the highest, the W126 output was the lowest, each introduction variety output was remarkable or extremely obviously lower than the comparison.Biological output amplitude was 302.6～480.5g/holes, the variety J218 biological output was higher than the comparison.The economical output amplitude was 123.0～172.4g/hole, introduction varieties economical output were lower than the comparison. The economical coefficient amplitude was 0.30～0.45, economical coefficient of the variety W127, W116 were higher than the comparison.The fertility and the actual output coefficient of variation between varieties were big, while variation coefficient of the weight of a thousand seeds between varieties was small.The high output varieties (W134, J222, J218, jia F91) had the following characters: tiller peak appeared earlier, the height was between 92 and 109 cm, sword leaf angle was from 6 to 12°and the second leaf was above 10.63% longer than the sword leaf, which corresponded with some traits of high production paddy rice.3 Rice quality analysis of introduced cultivarsMajor introduced varieties' comprehensive quality surpasses the comparison, and brown rice rate, head milled rice rate, chalky rice rate, amylose content reached the 1st level of national standards, brown rice rate of the varieties W132, J210 reached the 2st level of national standards, head milled rice rate of varieties W118, W126, J223 reached the 2st level of national standards, variety J210, jia L86 chalky rice rate reached the 2st level of national standards, amylose content of W140, jiagaocheng, W126, W123 reached the 2st level of national standards, the amylose content of W127, J223, W134, jiaL86 reached the 3st level of national standards. Variation coefficient between varieties of Head milled rice rate, chalky rice rate, breakdown, setback, lysine content were high, other index' variation coefficient were low.4 Comprehensive analysis of agronomic traits, yield and quality of introduced cultivarsCorrelation analyses results were as follows: high plant height, long sword leaf and the second leaf from the top advantaged the enhancement of the number of the second branch and grains per ear and the actual output, while did not favor the augmentation of economical coefficient, the more the sword leaf SPAD fell per day, the higher economical coefficient becomed. Enhancing the number of effective ears and the fertility may increase the brown rice rate and the peak viscosity, but increasing the weight of a thousand seeds and the actual output did not favor the protein content.The principal components analysis and the latus rectum analysis indicated that the number of seeds per ear was the primary factor affecting the output, and the grain length/breadth, trough viscosity, chalky rice rate, setback, breakdown, lysine content, protein content were the major indexes to control rice quality. Introduced varieties were seperated into 3 groups through cluster analysis and each group had its own characteristics.
|
PDF Full Text Request