The Effect Of Total Mixed Ration Technique On Milk Cow Production Performance And Feed Formula Optimization

The strong increasing of market demand of high level raw milk induced the rapid expanding of milk cow production and extensive development of dairy farms in China, and subsequently resulted in TMR (total mixed ratio) technique growing an important role in dairy farms management and milk production. The objective of current study mainly focused on the effect of TMR technique on milk cow production performance, and feed formula of TMR optimization. Total trials included three parts as shown follow.1 The research of milk cow production performance, TMR mixer feeding sequence, feeding times, mixing time, degree of mixing consistency, feeding management and economic benefits on 7911 milk cow were conducted in the first experiment from 7 different cattle farms. The cows were divided into two groups. The results indicated that comparing with the groups before without using TMR techniques, after using TMR technique, milk yields increased 7% and 5% and the numbers of labor force were saved 8.3 and 5.4 in two groups, respectively; therapy cost was separately saved 24 yuan and 21 yuan per cow and economic benefit was increased 961.67 and 630.89 yuan per cow in two groups, respectively, after using TMR techniques.2 Thirty cows with same age, body weight, fetus times, milk yields and date of calving were selected and divided into to groups, and each group fifteen cows, control group and TMR group. Control group were fed with concentrates and TMR group were fed with TMR which had the same nutritional level as control groups, and the experiment periods were ten months. The results indicated that, comparing with control groups, the milk yields, milk-fat percentage, milk-protein content, lactose percentage and dry matter percentage of TMR groups were increased 7.09%, 5.60%, 7.49%, 1.54% and 4.24%, respectively.3 Twenty-four pre-calving Hosteln with same age, fetus times, body weight and milk yields were selected and divided into four groups and each group six cows, Bran group, Beet group, Corn-Beet group and Corn-Urea group. Experimental cows were fed same nutritional level TMR diets with different feed formula and results of milk cow production performance and blood biochemistry index were recorded. (1)The results indicated that the average milk yields of Bran group were 20.83 kg/d or fat corrected milk was 19.99 kg/d; the dry matter intake was 17.11 kg/d and economic benefit was increased 21.28 yuan/d.(2)The average milk yields of Beet group were 25.63 kg/d or fat corrected milk was 22.42 kg/d; the dry matter intake was 19.35 kg/d and economic benefit was increased 30.54 yuan/d.(3)The average milk yields of Corn-Beet group were 26.96 kg/d or fat corrected milk was 23.41 kg/d; the dry matter intake was 19.35 kg/d and economic benefit was increased 31.27 yuan/d. Meanwhile, the results also exhibited that Beet group had higher Ca,P apparent dipestibillity and higher Nitrogen metabolizing values; Corn-Beet group had higher Nitrogen metabolizing values and DE,ME,DE/GE,ME/GE values.(4)The average milk yields of Corn-Urea group were 23.54 kg/d or fat corrected milk was 22.48 kg/d; the dry matter intake was 18.16 kg/d and economic benefit was increased 27.45 yuan/d. Meanwhile, the results also exhibited that Beet group had higher Nitrogen metabolizing values.As a result, Corn-Beet group performed the highest feeding effect.