Evaluation Of Ecological Restoration Effects Based On GIS And RS

Soil erosion caused by the environment and the ecological problems facing theworld today is a major resource and environmental problems. Since the founding ofnew China, the state Soil and Water Conservation invest in a lot of human, materialand financial resources. Despite of some successes, but the problem is far from solved.To expedite the restoration of vegetation and soil erosion control pace They are theecological restoration of this new concept and soil and water conservation measures.Ecological restoration is the basis of the ecosystem evolution of the law, in particularthe overall, coordinated and recycling of principle, natural and man-made forces,reconstruction has been damaged or degraded ecosystems, restore ecosystem functionand the virtuous circle of the process. At present, although there are some on theecological restoration of soil, hydrology, ecological effects, such as changes in forestcover of research reports. However, the ecological restoration project after theimplementation of the regional overall environmental little effect. In this paper, thestudy of soil and water conservation and restoration ecology based on the theory ofecological restoration against soil and water conservation features. According to the"Water and Soil Conservation Monitoring Technical Specification" (SL277—2002),positioning observation, Field surveys and other conventional means on the basis ofthe use of remote sensing (RS), Geographic Information System (GIS) and GlobalPositioning System (GPS) and other technical means, Research before and after theecological restoration of biodiversity, vegetation cover, land use, soil erosion, waterconservation and other changes. The main results are as follows:First of all, through ecosystem restoration measures, the rehabilitation of theregion tree species diversity increased gradually, and the shrub layer and herb layershow the first rise and then gradually decreased. Show the ecological restoration ofdegraded ecosystems to reduce interference, tree species diversity increased, and inthe early years, shrub layer and herb layer is a higher stage. Community total speciesdiversity (abundance), the reduction of interference after the initial trend hasincreased, this is the tree layer, shrub layer and herb species diversity increasedconsolidated results.Secondly, after four years of ecological restoration, study the land use structureoptimization. Woodland area and the quality markedly improved. Due to the forestinto wasteland, barren land area decreased. With the implementation of the measuresreturning farmland to forest and cultivated areas have been reduced. Research forestcoverage rate from 2001's 63.4% increase in 2005 of 68.6%. Experimental surface vegetation cover conditions have been greatly improved, especially the low coverageof the area was reduced significantly. High coverage of significant growth. Covering"75% increase in the woodland 1110hm2 coverage to 60～75% increase in thewoodland 880hm2. Coverage for 45～60% increase in the woodland 620hm2.coverage for 30～45% decrease of woodland 730hm2, covering "30% decrease ofwoodland 520hm2. Overall coverage has improved significantly.Thirdly, and repair ago, the study area to moderate. Strength erosion areareduced by 29.3 km2 and 8.2 km2. Moderate erosion area together to reduce 35.5km2. 2001 mild erosion area of 50.2 km2. For the regional area of 24.8% over 2001young degrees erosion 66.5 km2 area. Regional area accounted for 32.9%, an increaseof 16.3 km2. Micro-erosive area increased by 21.2 km2. The same time the averageerosion modulus from the 2001 1710.1 t/km2 in 2005 to 10 49.6t/km2. 2005 soilerosion was 212055t. 2001 than the 345,480t, 133,425t reduced, a reduction of38.6%. This was due in part to moderate intensity and into mild erosion caused by thesame time, As a result of the project area of barren hills and slopes area, inhydrothermal conditions are better, erosion is not a very serious condition, rapidrestoration of the vegetation, erosion intensity declined rapidly.Finally, harmonize the ecological restoration and the artificial managementrelations. Research in Ecological Restoration on the results achieved, in largemeasure, is in artificial based on the comprehensive management of the. Throughartificial governance, the establishment of the study area farmers can solve the foodproblem of basic farmland, rural industrial structure adjustment is reasonable, theeconomic income of farmers reached initial protection. In addition, it is necessary toecological restoration of artificial reasonable intervention. Artificial governance cannot be separated from the natural role of natural recovery has to do with the role ofthe two different focuses, not against each other. Rely on the natural recovery in goodecological environment, but also to compensate for local conditions and training, pestcontrol, the rapid increase in the repair of biomass, may play the biggest ecologicalrestoration capabilities.