Studies On The Effects Of Spraying Selenium To Winter Wheat On Oxidation And Selenium Content And Yield

Effects of selenium on the physiological metabolism anti-oxidation, physiology metabolism and yields of winter wheat, selenium contents of grains were studied which took the Yumai70 as the tested material under the big field condition. The main tested results were as follows:1. The course of oxidation caducity was delayed obviously by spraying selenium during booting and grain filling stages. The activity of GSH-PX,SOD,POD and the content of AsA and chlorophyll were enhanced, the catalase (CAT) activeness decreased, the dynamical equilibrium of anti-oxidation system was adjusted, the contents of MDA and free proline in flag leaves decreased. Every index of C3 and C4 treatments' difference reached to the remarkable level comparing with the CK. The tested results showed that selenium treatment enhanced wheat flag leaves' and function leaves' anti-oxidized senile ability and so on and delayed the wheat later physiology period senility.2. The selenium enhanced the contents of the soluble protein and the soluble sugar (WSC) in the wheat flag leaves. T1C3, T1C4 and T2C3, T2C4 treatments made the contents of the soluble sugar and the soluble protein in the wheat flag leaves drop slowly in the later stage of wheat which reached the remarkable level which respectively increased with 21.3%,19.1% and 24.6%,17.2%21.3% comparing to the clear water treatment, the selenium didn't have obvious influence on the total N contents of wheat grain. It indicated that the selenium affected the wheat physiology metabolism, prolonged carbohydrate synthesis and transportation which created the advantage conditions for high yield of wheat production.3. The wheat's yield and it's the constitution factor were affected by spraying selenium which showed as followings: the weights of one thousand grains were enhanced and the yields of wheat production were promoted. The photosynthesis time of the wheat flag leaves was prolonged; the synthesis production and the weights of a thousand grains were promoted by spraying selenium treatments during the booting stage and the grain filling stage. The yield of T1C3,T1C4,T2C3 and T2C4 treatments were respectively promoted with 9.6% ,9.8% ,9.7% and 9.5% comparing with the CK which reached the remarkable level of difference.4. The selenium contents of wheat grains were promoted by the methods of spraying which increased with the increasing selenium contents which indicated positive correlation. The selenium contents of wheat grains of T1C3 and T2C3 treatments respectively achieved 0.58μg·g^-1 and0.73μg·g^-1 which reached the remarkable level comparing with the clear water treatment .The result indicated the selenium could be absorbed through the leaf surface and transported to the grains which remarkably enhanced the selenium contents of wheat grains.From the point of producing selenium wheat, it was the best choice to spray the selenium's concentration as 6g/666.7m² during early grain filling stage and select mixed fertilizers and leaves' fertilizers of selenium which made the contents of selenium transport to grains of wheat more and also met the requirement of national standards of selenium food productions.Based on the tested results above, spraying selenium had the positive influence on physiological metabolism and the anti-oxidized senile system of wheat and promoted effectively the yields of wheat and the contents of selenium in grains. Several critical points were decided in experiments. Spraying the selenium's concentration as 6g/666.7m² during grain filling stage and selecting mixed selenium fertilizers were suggested which could produce selenium wheat and provide the material basement for the aim of supplying the selenium nutrition to people in countryside and promoting the level of living and health care.