Study On Morphologic Anatomy Of Cymbidium Kanran Makino In Vitro Flowering

In this paper, the test-tube seedlings of Cymbidium kanran Makino in vitro were used as experimental material to study the differentiation and development processes of flower bud by paraffin method and scanning electron microscope,and the flower of Cymbidium kanran Makino in vitro were used as experimental material to study the flower of fertility. The main results were as followings:The process of flower bud differentiation and development of Cymbidium kanran Makino in vitro flowering has been divided into 6 stages by correlating morphological traits of the flower buds: prophase of flower bud differentiation, differentiation of floral primordial, differentiation of perianth, differentiation of column, formation of pollinia and stigma. Microstructure of sepal and petal of Cymbidium kanran Makino in vitro flowering is similar, as the microstructure of labellum is special; Thin and flat stylar cannal is in the middle of column; Anther is composed of two pairs of pollinia and connective; Ovary is parietal placentation; During the process of Cymbidium kanran Makino in vitro flowering, protein content gradually increased higher as closing to the center of flower bud , the content of starch grain was opposite. During the process of flower bud differentiation of Cymbidium kanran Makino in vitro flowering, the number and bulk of nucleus, nucleolus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, vacuole and other cellular organ in vegetative cone cell were conspicuous changed. Pollen viability of Cymbidium kanran Makino in vitro flowering was evaluated by pollen germination experiment. The result showed that the highest rate of pollen germination was 46.25 %, and the optimal medium was 0.5 % agar with 100 mg L^-1 boric acid, 300 mg L^-1 calcium nitrate, 100 mg L^-1 potassium nitrate, 200 mg L^-1 magnesium sulfate and 1 % sucrose. The stigma of the flower of Cymbidium kanran Makino in vitro flowering had receptivity in all the flower season estimated by benzidine-H₂O₂ method. In flower season, based on the observation of the mucus secretion of stigma of the flower of Cymbidium kanran Makino in vitro flowering, it was found that the mucus secretion of stigma of the flower was maximum in fall bloom, it is the best period for artificial pollination.