The Evaluation Of The Forest Ecosystem Services For Nature Reserve

Ecosystem services represent the benefit human population drive from ecosystem functions. Establishing nature reserve is an effective way to conserving biodiversity and critical to the functioning of the earth's life support system. Compared with other system, the nature reserve ecosystem is highly integrated and stable, making its services more significant. Nature reserve for forest ecosystem is of vital importance in China because of its great quantity and area, so in one sense the value of this type is infinite.The purpose of this article is to establish an evaluation system, which is to estimate the value of forest ecosystem services in nature reserve. The author grouped forest ecosystem services of nature reserve into 18 categories, also 18 indexes, based on published studies. The value of each index is determined by the 15 experts we invited and the weight percentage was decided through AHP (The Analytic Hierachy Process) . Thus we develop a target system of the forest ecosystem services indicator framework. The order of relative important of the index was specis conservation, nurtrient cycling, organic growth, recreation, education, spiritual aesthetics, carbon fixation and oxygen production, water regulation, soil conservation, storm protection and sand fixation, air purification, climate regulation(including microclimate of farmland and regional climate), control of diseases and pests, genetic resource, seeds resource, raw material, medical resource, food supply.The paper choose a typical forest ecosystem of nature reserve as an example to caculate the value of forest ecosystem services of Wolong nature reserve. As a results, the total economic values of 12 services of forest ecosystem is 5.43 billion Yuan RMB annually. Among which, 26 million for provisioning, 73 million for cultural, 873 million for regulation, 4463million for supporting services. Based on the ecosystem value constitutive classification by Pearce, the indirect values which contant regulation and supporting services is 54 times of the direct values. The results show various types of ecosystem have not only direct values (such as providing wood, agricultural and husbandry products, etc.) but also more important functional value.Depending on the evaluation indicators system of forest ecosystem services, the 12 ecosystem services indicator estimated accounted for 72% of the total ecosystem services in the system. Therefore, the total ecosystem services function of Wolong was deduced as 7.54 billion yuan RMB in 2006.