| Pleurotus cornucopiae and Pleurotus abalonus were all fungi belong to Pleurotus, they all have the characters of anatomy of basidiomycete, and were all heterotroph, they can secrete various types of extracellular enzyme, which can hydrolyzed substance of large molecule such us cellulose, hemicellulous, xylogen, pectin and protein so on into smaller one to supply fungi hypha cell with nutriment.In this thesis P. cornucopiae and P. abalonus were cultivated on culture medium of PDA and cotton seed hull, the anatomy and activity variations of extracellular enzymes during the period of growth were studied. The results indicated that the hypha of P. cornucopiae and P. abalones all had clamp connection, the stipe of them were all adnation, the color and figure of pileus were similar, there were four basidiospore on the top of each basidium, the spore contained some drop of oils, the spore print were all white. While the hypha of P. cornucopiae grown faster, and bushier than that of P. abalones. the hypha of P. abalones could secretes conidiophore. The fruit-body of P. cornucopiae was tuft and smaller, but it was premature cultivated and high production. While the fruit-body inside tissue of P. abalones was very tightness,its basidium and the peduncle of basidium were all strong. The spore of P. abalones were satiation and the drop of oil were bigger than P. cornucopiae.In the experiment of activity variations of extracellular enzymes the two fungi were cultivated on cotton seed hull in bottle, and activity variations of eight extracellular enzymes including extracellular CMCase(carboxymenthel cellulase), FPase(filter paper cellulase), HCase (hemicellulase) extracellularβ-glucosidase, laccase, peroxidase, amylase and pectase were researched in different growth periods that include hypha grown half of the bottle, hypha grown full of the bottle, formation of culture medium period, button period, fruit-body maturity period and between two generations of fruit-body. The results showed that the both of fungi had a complete set of extracellular cellulose, and all of these eight extracellular enzymes could be measured. The trend of activity variation of extracellular CMCase, FPase and HCase of P. cornucopiae and P. abalonus is similar. The activity variations of these three extracellular enzymes were lower at hypha growth stage, while increased steeply after formation of culture medium, then reached peak in the period between primordial formation and fruit-body maturity, afterwards it decreases quickly, and recurred the level of formation of culture medium. The trend of activity variations of extracellularβ-glucosidase, laccase, peroxidase, amylase and pectase of them was different. The trend of activity variations of extracellularβ-glucosidase and CMCase of P. cornucopiae were similar, the activity variations ofβ-glucosidase of P. abalones was jarless, the value ofβ-glucosidase was between 5.04-8.89U. The activity of extracellular laccase of P. cornucopiae was higher at hypha growth period, the value reached the peak in the full of the bottle period and the other period activity variations steadily, the value of laccase was between 0.12-0.15U. The activity of extracellular laccase of P. abalones remains low, and there was no obvious activity peak, the value of laccase was between 0.10-0.17U. The activity of peroxidase of P. cornucopiae was high at hypha growth period(0.43U). The activity of peroxidase of P. abalones was remains lower, the value of peroxidase between 0.01-0.06U. The activity variations of amylase and pectase of P. cornucopiae were steadily in all grown period, while the activity peak of this two extracellular enzyme of P. abalonus appeared in the period between primordial formation and fruit-body maturity.
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