| Stags were feeding on total mixed ration(TMR)in different dietary concentrate to forage and analyzed the blood biochemical indexes and production performance in antler developing period in sika deer so as to discuss on the relationship among dietary concentration to forage ratio and indexes of which palatability ,of digestive-metabolic rate of nutrient, of purine derivative output in urine per day, of production performance, of blood biochemical indexes ,therefore screening out the ratio of TMR.The thesis is made up of 2 parts .Experimental 1: test about the ratio of TMR. TMR in different dietary concentration to forage ratio were made up by four kinds of TMR by same energy and protein levels, using alfalfa as the only forage .4 2-year-old stags with similar weight and good body condition ,then the feeding test and digestion test were conducted with a single metabolic cage. Stags were feed on a kind of diet within 16days per experimental time ,and then change TMR after 16days by 4×4 latin square design, observing them, healthy conditions and TMR palatability, nutrient intake; digestion-metabolism test was carried on after feeding test by normal total feces and urine collecting method ,gathering feces sample and urine sample ,collecting time for above is 3days ,according to samples ,which were determined apparent digestibility for dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, neutral detergen fibre, Ca, P and biological value of nitrogen;the concentration of purine derivative was detected either in order to evaluate yield of rumen bacterial body protein ; weight of deer's body was weighed while each experimental time is over, record the increment of the body each day during experiment.Experiment2: the test for concentration to forage ratio of TMR.Of which dietary concentration-to-forage ratios were 65:35, 55:45, 45:55, 35:65, 4 kinds of TMR were made up by same energy and protein levels with corn straw plus alfalfa as forage. There are significantly different among different groups in antler yield (p<0.05). 3-year-old stags 36 with similar weight were selected and divided into 4groups freely(n=9), feeding on in 4pens then feeding test and digestion test started. Different ratio by dietary concentration to forage of TMR affect on palatability, apparent digestibility of the nutrient, production performance and blood biochemical indexes when the poor forage as the main roughage.It shows that :1.There are no difference between dietary concentration to forage ratio and dry matter, and crude protein, when the higher quality alfalfa as single forage resources(p>0.05),but there are marked difference between the ratio and the intake of neutral detergen fibre (p<0.05).2.There are significant difference between dietary concentration to forage ratio and dry matter digestibility, apparent digestibility of roughage, organic digestibility and intake of Ca and P(p<0.05);but for protein metabolism rate there are no difference between them (p>0.05) when the higher quality alfalfa as single forage resources. 3.The different dietary concentration to forage ratio affect on PD in output of urine significantly (p<0.05),so do with the increment of body per day in deer (p<0.05); but for protein metabolism rate there are no difference between them (p>0.05) when the higher quality alfalfa as single forage resources.4.The different dietary concentration to forage ratio affect on daily mean weight gain significantly (p<0.05), and daily weight gain is the most which by 364.36g when ratio is 45:55. 5.There are significant difference between dietary concentration to forage ratio and palatability and food intake ,the same as apparent digestibility(p<0.05),when corn straw as the main forage to make up the TMR in antler developing period .6.The different dietary concentration to forage ratio affect on production performance significantly in antler developing period in deer(p<0.05);when the ratio is 55:45,the most yield of two-branches antler was gained, and corn straw as the main forage to make up the TMR in antler developing period .7.The different dietary concentration to forage ratio affect on total serum protein ,albumin , immune-globulin significantly(p<0.05);as for serum urea nitrogen and serum glucose, there are not different(p>0.05);when corn straw as the main forage to make up the TMR in antler developing period .8.The appropriate dietary concentration to forage ratio is 45:55 within the experimental design range in fallow period ,and the appropriate dietary concentration to forage ratio by 55:45 via comprehensive analysis of food intake , nutrient digestibility, weight increment, antler yield and the cost of deer per day in developing antler period.
|
PDF Full Text Request