| Based on the exploration of wild groundcover plant Ligularia resources in Zhejiang province, the introduction, cultivation and adaptability of Ligularia fischeri and Ligularia stenocephala were studied in this paper. Some results were as following:(1) The L. fischeri and L. stenocephala mainly distribute in Lin'an, Anji, Linhai, Lishui of Zhejiang province and usually grow around the hillside, woods, water or rock which are at an elevation of 1000 to 1400 metres. And both of them adapt to the environment which is of shady, cool and moist. Meanwhile, they are distributed in the dark, loosen, fertile soil which is under the broad leaved forest or mixed broadleaf-conifer forest. Also, the distributing regions of L. stenocephala are wider than that of L. fischers.(2) Based on nearly two years study, the two kind introduced plants grew well in the test plot and meanwhile showed their great ornamental characters, so they could totally adapt to the local environment. Compare to the original areas, the characters of flowers of two tested materials were of no change, but the florescence was advanced. Because of their strong adaptability to the environment, the managements in the field were regular and just watered them in time which can make them grow normally.(3) The results of experiments of propagation by the seed and by tissue culture showed that: the most suitable germination temperature of L. fischeri was 20℃, and for L. stenocephala is 25℃. Light could promote germination of both two species. And the germination percentage of L.stenocephala is 85.7% and germination of L.fischeri is 22.7% under light for 12 hours. Meanwhile, the highest induction frequency was obtained on MS basal medium supplemented with 6-BA1.5 mg·L-1+NAA0.1 mg·L-1 and the optimal explant is cotyledon with about 15 minutes for disinfection in the sodium hypochlorite solution.(4) The effects of shade on photosynthesis chlorophyⅡcontents and growth characters of L. fischeri and L. stenocephala were determined under different light conditions (0, 55 ,75% sun-shading) within pots. And the results show that: 75% sun-shading treatment is the most adaptive to the growing development of L. fischeri and as to L. stenocephala is 55%. The content of chlorophyⅡunder sun-shading treatment is more than that without sun-shading treatment. Also the ratio of chlorophyⅡis reduing. The diurnal variations of net photosynthetic rate (Pn) cures of L.fischeri and as to L.stenocephala presented two peaks. The first peak of Pn of L. fischeri under75% sun-shading treatment is 6.762μmol·m-2·s-1 which is appeared at 9 AM and the second peak of Pn of L. fischeri is 3.216μmol·m-2·s-1 which is appeared at 5 PM. As to L. stenocephala, the first peak of Pn of L. fischeri under 55% sun-shading treatment is 9.414μmol·m-2·s-1 and the second peak of Pn of L. L.stenocephala is 4.224μmol·m-2·s-1, and the time when the peaks appeared is same to the L. fischeri. The phenomenon of light repression appears at noon during the process of leaves'photosynthesis of L. fischeri and L. stenocephala.The light compensation point (LCP) and light saturation point (LSP) of L. fischeri are lower than L. stenocephala, so the shade-tolerance of the former is greater than the latter. That is to say, the L. stenocephala is of great adaptability to the strong light environment.(5) Heat tolerance of L.fischeri and L.stenocephal were measured by electrolyte leakage. Sigmoidal response curve existed between the relative injury value occurring in leaf tissue discs and treatments, which accorded with Logistic equation. The LT50 of L. fischeri is 44.6℃and that of L. stenocephala is 47.8℃. After a continuous period of 40℃, the results of the leaf physiological and biochemical changes showed that: With the time of heat threaten prolonging, the content of MDA in the leaf increased obviously, and the liveness of SOD showed its tendency of rising first and falling finally in general. It is a gradual process that two plants adapt to heat treatment, but neither of their heat-tolerance is strong. Compare to L. fischeri, the heat-tolerance of L. stenocephala is greater.
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