The Effect Of Fructose-glucose Syrup F42,Effective Microorganisms And Endoparasitic Mite On The Development Of Bumblebee

This experimental based on the study of bumblebee behavior and model of colony's development, depended on the parameter of colony's development, studied the effect of sucrose, fructose-glucose syrup F42, and EM on the development of bumblebee's colony. At the meantime, the situation of parasitized, ratio of parasitism, the effect on the bumblebees of the endoparasitic mite, Locustacarus buchneri, was studied by outdoor-investigation.The influence of monosaccharide, disaccharide and protein on the longevity of bumblebee's worker, the correlation of body type and longevity, were studied by feeding the Bombus terrestris's worker on sucrose, sucrose + fructose, fructose-glucose syrup F42, sucrose + pollen, sucrose + fructose + pollen, fructose-glucose syrup F42 + pollen. The effect of fructose-glucose syrup F42 on the development of bumblebee's colony was studied by feeding the bumblebee on sucrose and fructose-glucose syrup F42. The result showed, in the condition of experiment (not exposed to foraging risks) , the worker who were fed on fructose-glucose syrup F42 had the longest longevity with or without pollen (t=50.00d; t=21.00d) , the worker who were fed on sucrose had the shortest longevity with or without pollen (t=43.00d; t=19.00d), however there is no significant difference about the survival curse. The longevity of worker without pollen was significantly shorter than that with pollen when they fed on whatever sugar (P=0.000) .The correlation of body type and longevity is significant when the worker isn't exposed to foraging risks, with fully nutrition, fructose-glucose syrup F42 showed no significant effect on the longevity of queens of bumblebee. Also, there is no significant influence on the rate of oviposition, date of first callow, rate of transfer, rate of founding colony, amount of gyne queens, etc,. The weight and length of radio-cell in the right wing of gyne queen was smaller significantly by feeding on fructose-glucose syrup F42 (P=0.006, P=0.000) .The effect of effective microorganisms (EM) on the ovarian development and oogenesis of bumblebee queens in preoviposition period was studied by feeding the recoverial bumblebee queens on 60% sugar, 60% sugar + EM, 60% sugar + pollen, 60% sugar + pollen+EM. The effect of EM on the development of bumblebee's colony was studied by feeding the bumblebee on 60% sugar + pollen, 60% sugar + pollen + EM. The result showed that the effect of EM on the ovarian development and oogenesis of bumblebee queens in preoviposition period is not significant. Although the EM inhibited ovarial development significantly in 2 days (P=0.047) , also in the same time it was significant promoted by the intersection influence of EM and pollen (P=0.014) , from the 5th day to the 9th day, the effect of pollen showed significant influence of promote on ovarial development (P=0.000) instead of the no significant influence of EM. The oogenesis wasn't affected by EM significantly, however, the ovarial development level was forced to recede by lack of pollen. EM inhibited the growth and development of queens of bumblebee, shorten the longevity (P=0.004) , improved the rate of death (P=0.0.015) , decreased the rate of oviposition (P=0.001) and the rate of transfer (P=0.001). However, EM showed no significant influence on the date of competition point, date of switch point, date of first callow, rate of founding colony, etc,. The amount of gyne queen was improved significantly by feeding food with EM (P=0.042), also the weight of gyne queens was improved significantly after feeding on food with EM for 7 days (P=0.000). The hormorn level of gyne queen had been changed after diapause, EM showed improve to the queen before diapause, inhibitation to the queen after diapause. The result showed the nutrition contained of EM is fitted for the growth and development of queen before diapause.At the last, the biological characteristics of the endoparasitic mite, Locustacarus buchneri, of bumblebees Bombus lucorum and B. hypocrita in Xinjiang and Hebei province were observed. The results showed that the ratio of parasitism in B. lucorum and B. hypocrita were 10.43% and 8.3%, respectively. The parasitic position for the mite was the trachea and air sac of the host. The mite population in the queen reared for 30 d was higher than that in the queen reared for 60 d. The average weight of the unparasitized queen was obviously higher than that of the parasitized queen, while there is no difference in the first date of oviposition, and the rates of oviposition, oophagy and survival between the queens unparasitized and those parasitized.