| The present research looked for useful substances from plants which can preserve to Gerbera jamesonii.Extracts from plants so as to find out fresh-keeping plants and methods of extracingt suitable for gerbera were discussed.The biological preservation and the physiology of senescence of cut gerbera were explored instructively in this paper.Major findings were as follows:1,Four species of planst which can preserve to cut gerbera were elected from 8 species of plants by contrasting vase life.The results showed that:extract of Viburnum macrocephalum with water(40%), extract of Eucommia ulmoides with water(80%),extract of Artemisia indica with water(40%,60%), extract of Encalyptus robusta with water(40%,60%) can prolong vase life of cut gerbera.While the extract of A.indica with water(40%) and extract of E.robusta with water(60%) had the best function on preservation.E.robusta and A.indica could be used to further study of preservatives.2,A.indica and E.robusta were respectively extracted by petroleum ether,ethyl acetate,acetone, 95%ethanol and carbinol and diluted with vase solution in cut gerbera so as to find out the best medium and concentration of extracting.The results showed:comparing with CK,extracts of A.indica and E. robust with petroleum ether,ethyl acetate and acetone shortened vase life of cut gerbera and increased the number of stem-bending flower;extracts of E.robust with carbinol,95%ethanol and acetone (2.5ml/L,5ml/l) and extracts of A.indica with 95%ethanol can prolong vase life about 1 day or 2 days and decrease the number of stem-bending flower but had no distinct effect.3,The essential oil of A.indica and E.robusta were diluted with vase solution to keep cut gerbera and the best combinations of preservative were studied.The results showed:essential oil of A.indica (2.0ml/L),essential oil of E.robusta(1.5ml/L) had good performance in prolonging the vase life of the cut flower,improving water maintenance in the flower.;essential oil of A.indica(1.0 ml/L～2.0 ml/L)+essential oil of E.robusta(0.5 ml/L,1.5 ml/L) can prolong vase life of cut gerbera,but the effect of preservative[essential oil of Artemsia indica(1.5 ml/L) + essential oil of Encalyptus robusta (1.0ml/L)]was better than other combinations.4,The cut gerbera were held in vase and the physiology of senescence and mechanism of essential oil from E.robusta and A.indica on fresh maintenance were studied.The results showed that:essential oil of A.indica(2.0ml/L),essential oil of E.robusta(1.5ml/L),essential oil of A.indica(1.5ml/L)+ essential oil of E.robusta(1.0ml/L) had obvious effects on preservation of cut gerbera.The growth of bacteria in vase solution was inhibited,the number of stem-bending flower was decreased;the vase life of cut flowers was prolonged,the fresh mass was preserved;membrane permeability were decreased; SOD activity was increased obviously and MDA activity was decreased;the decomposition rate of soluble protein and carbohydrate were decreased and the senescence of cut gerbera was delayed.5,The essential oil of E.robusta and A.indica were analyzed by GC-MS.The results showed that 42 components in essential oil of A.indica were identified.Most of components included a-Pinene (36.36%),Camphor(14.02%),Tanacetone(10.32%),a-Terpiceol(4.19%),Thujone(3.65%), Limonene(2.83%),Camphene(2.38%),and so on.80 components in essential oil of E.robusta were identified.There was monoterpene(70.57%),oxygen-containing monoterpene(14.96%), sesquiterpenes(5.42%),oxygen-containing sesquiterpenes(6.75%),ester(1.56%),other matter (1.01%).Most of essential oil of E.robusta was a-Pinene,which accounted for 52.32%of essential oil. |
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