Effects Of Different Welfare Conditions On The Broiler Performance And Meat Quality

Under the modern feeding styles, the existent environment of poultry is very bald. The chickens couldn't express their innately actions and behaviors and always were in stringent state, which broke their welfare seriously. Taking animal welfare as the point of view, this article synthesized the animal welfare level reliable indicator of both domestic and overseas, combining animal welfare and production, in order to investigating the effect of different welfare condition (rearing pattern and environment enrich materials) on AA broilers' performance and succulence. The main results are as follows:The first experiment: 480 healthy and weight 367.66±1.12g AA cock of 22 days were allocated into three treatments, which including Floor-reared, Net-reared, Extensive, four replicates per treatment, forty broilers per replicate. The results showed that:There were not obviously difference on drinking, foraging, decorating and recumbing times, the Tonic Immobility duration (TI), leg length, Fluctuanting Asymmetry (FA) of leg length and leg wide and the Fluctuanting Asymmetry of leg length, leg wide and wing length, Feather Conditions Score (FCS), Creatine Kinase (CK) activity in blood, and Heterophil to Lymphocyte (H/L) between every treatment. Comparing to the other two treatments, the times of foraging, sand bathing and movement behavior in extensive-reared treatment increased obviously (P<0.05), Gait Score (GS) degrade obviously (P<0.05).Compared to the net-reared treatment,the floor-reared obviously elevated the concentration of chicken blood corticosterone (P<0.05).There were not obviously difference of Average Daily Feed Intake, Dressed Percentage, Percent of Breast Muscle between different treatments (P>0.05). Comparing to the other two treatments, the Mortality and F/G in extensive-reared treatment increased obviously (P<0.05), the Percent of Abdominal Fat degrade obviously.There were not obviously difference of broiler pectoralis pH, drip loss, redness, yellowness, and the content of Intramuscular Fat and Inosine Monophosphate between every treatment. Comparing to the other two treatments, the lightness in extensive-reared treatment increased obviously (P<0.05).The second experiment: 600 healthy and weight 368.18±1.03g AA cock of 22 days were allocated into four environmental enrichment treatments, which including perch, toy, sand, perch toy sand, and another control group,three replicates per treatment, forty broilers per replicate. The results showed thatThere were not obviously difference on standing, resting, movement, dust bathing, feeding and drinking times, and the activity of CK in different treatment (P>0.05). Comparing to the Prech treatments, the times of Preening in control treatment degrade obviously (P<0.05). The times of foraging in Toy and Complex treatment is obviously higher than the other treatments (P<0.05). Compared to the Sand treatment, the other treatments obviously degraded the the TI duration (P<0.05).The Fluctuanting Asymmetry of leg length, leg wide and wing length and its synthetic value was obviously lower than control treatment (P<0.05). Compared to the other treatments, the prech and toy obviously degraded the concentration of chicken blood corticosterone (P<0.05). Compared to the sand and control treatments, the prech, toy and Complex obviously degraded the Heterophil to Lymphocyte (H/L) and Feather Conditions Score (FCS) of chicken blood.There were not obviously difference of Average Daily Feed Intake, Feed to Gain, Dressed Percentage ,Percent of Breast Muscle between different treatments (P>0.05). Comparing to the control treatments, the Mortality in different enviroment enrich treatments increased obviously (P<0.05), the Average Daily Gain of the prech treatment degrade obviously (P<0.05). Comparing to the sand treatments, the Percent of Abdominal Fat in degraded obviously (P<0.05).There were not obviously difference of broiler pectoralis pH, drip loss, shearing force, yellowness, and the content of Inosine Monophosphate between every treatment. The broiler pectoralis lightness in the adding enviroment enrich material was higher than the control treatment (P<0.05). Comparing to the sand treatment, the prech treatment obviously increased the broiler pectoralis redness.The Intramuscular Fat in control treatment broiler pectoralis was obviously higher than the prech, sand and complex treatments.The total conclusion of the article are as follows: The extensive-reared treatment increaced broiler welfare level in some extent, net-reared and floor-reared increaced the survival rate and Feed to Gain,among of which net-reared is the best, and increaced the broiler Percent of Abdominal Fat at the same time. Comparing to the other two treatments, extensive-reared treatment increaced the lightness of AA broiler pectoralis, degraded the tenderness, but the effection of different breeding ways on the other succulence were not significance.The prech and toy treatments increaced broiler welfare level in some extent, adding environment enrich materal decreaced the mortality, among of which the complex treatment AA broilers' Percent of Abdominal Fat significant degraded. Different environment enrich materials increaced the lightness of AA broiler pectorahs, and increaced the AA broiler redness in prech, sand and complex treatments at the same time, but the effection of environment enrich materal on the other succulence were not significance.