Research On Quality Of Flue-cured Tobacco Leaves In Different Ecological Zone In Hunan

1. Through research analysis, the variety is the importance factor to influence tobacco leaves quality, the different characteristic of the variety is different, the request for ecological factor namely climate and soil also exist bigger difference.Therefore, under the premise that usage good seeds and standard cultivation technique, ecological condition is the importance factor to influence tobacco growth development and quality.The origin investigate in three ecological zone of south of Hunan, middle of Hunan, northwest of Hunan research three variety's tobacco external appearance quality, smoking quality, main chemical components and cigarette gas components including K326, yunyan85 and yunyan87.Main result is as follows:1.1. The quality difference of variety that the different variety plants in same ecological zone less than same variety plants in different ecological zone, elucidation the ecological factor result in quality variety is bigger than the seeds of quality variety, ecological factor is the primary factor who creating difference of tobacco leaves on quality. Therefore, according to the variety characteristic, reasonable layout, carry on localization to plant, is one of the essential measures for production of high quality tobacco leaves.1.2. The difference tobacco variety has its specific suitable ecological region, orientation region of some varieties more wide, the adaptability more strong, orientation region of some varieties more narrow.The adaptability of yunyan87 in senate tries of variety is the most strongest, K326 is stronger, the fragrance quantity and fragrant makings are best. Therefore, the produces of tobacco leaves have to according to the ecological adaptability of variety to layout and plant, in south of Hunan plant of the enlargement scale to K326, as primary variety,in middle of Hunan yunyan87 is primary, with K326 suitably,comparison in northwest of hunan plant of the enlargement scale to K326, pay equal attention to yunyan87 and K326.1.3. Tobacco leaves in Hunan is a representative for Chinese rich fragrance tobacco leaves, should exert oneself to enhance the fragrance quantity and fragrant makings to producement of tobacco leaves in Hunan, select the most superior variety under the Hunan nature condition.In the meantime make good of soil sampling, meteorological data collection, cultural technique investigation, tobacco area society economy condition investigation ,many synthesis necessary works and so on.2. By means of examining and analyzing 551 tobacco leaf samples in the 31 mainly producing tobacco counties in Hunan during 2001-2003, the results show that the relationship between smoking quality and main chemical components,cigarette gas components including total sugar,reducing sugar,nicotine,potassium,tar amount and so on is related or extremely related; elements closely linked to volume of aroma and effect degrees of them act as : RS/Nic> Tar amount > Mouthful smoking figure > Total sugar >Potassium >Water content of cigarette gas; the elements closely linked to concentration and effect degrees of them act as : RS/Nic > Total graininess mass > Mouthful smoking figure > Potassium , elements closely linked to biting taste and effect degrees of them act as : Nicotine in cigarette gas > Nicotine > Reducing sugar > Mouthful smoking figure > Water content of cigarette gas > Potassium。3. Chemical components, smoking evaluation squares of 35 tobacco leaf samples from 5 counties(city) where tobacco are produced as main crops ,with 33 main data on climatic factors there are analyzed generally by correlation analysis and regression analysis. The relationship between total sugar, reducing sugar, nicotine, potassium,total chloride, ratio of sugar to nitrogen, ratio of sugar to nicotine, smoking evaluating squares of fragrance quality, fragrance quantity, concentration, incentive and atmosphere factors including temperature, sunshine, rainfall, evaporation, relative humidity during tobacco season (tobacco season is tobacco growth and development period, as the same as follow)in towns with tobacco production as the main industry is analized. Accumulated temperature during harvesting period days of T≥35°C in 150d of tobacco whole growth duration , average sunshine percent and sunshine hours per day in the2^nd 3^rd 5^th month in tobacco season ,sunshine percent in harvesting period and total sunshine time and percent in tobacco season are extremely related with tobacco quality.