Analysis Of Genetic Diversity Of Eggplants(Solanum Melongena L.) By Morphological Markers And SSR Markers

Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is one of the most important vegetable crops in many countries of Asia and Africa. The genetic diversity of eggplant is very essential for its collection, conservation, classification, identification and improvement program. In the present study, a set of 126 accessions include some wild relatives of eggplant were employed to evaluate the genetic germplasm resources using the morphological marker and SSR (simply sequence repeat) marker.1. 12 traits such as fruit weight, fruit width, fruit length and so on were surveyed, and evaluated by using the DPS sofeware. All of the 126 accenssions were classified into 2 groups. The first group included 130 only, and the second group could was divided into 6 subgroups. All of the accenssions share the same traits could be concentrated together.2. A suitable 10μl SSR reaction system was established by orthogonal design, and the system contained: PCR buffer 1μl, Mg2+ 2.25mmol?L-1, dNTP 400μmol?L-1 and Primer 39.60ng, DNA template 100ng, Taq DNA polymerase 0.75U. The PCR amplification program: pre-denaturation 2 min at 94℃, then undergo a proceeding of reaction cycles as denaturation 30s at 94℃, anneal 30s at 52℃, extension 45s at 72℃, 35 cycles, finally extension 8 min at 72℃.3. 19 effective primers were selected using the eggplant DNA from 700 primers which belong to tomato SSR molecular markers. These polymorphic SSR markers obtained a total of 105 bands, The number of alleles per primer varied from 3~9,with a mean of 4.8947,maximum alleles were 9 detected from SSR116, but the effective number of alleles per loci was 1.9405 on all average, the average of Shannon's Information index( I ) was 0.748.4. According to the SSR data,the calculated similarity coefficient among 126 accessions ranged from 0.54 to 0.99. A dendrogram of genetic relationship obtained by using UPGMA method showed that all the germplasm resources were classified into 2 groups at the similarity coefficient of 0.54. The first group include 2 wild relatives, Solanum nigrum Linn and S. torvum(130). And the second group was divided into 2 subgroup, the first subgroup was S.integrifolium and their variety. All of the rest belonged to the cultivated species.5. Compare with dendrograms obtained from morphological marker and SSR molecular marker, all of them can be used for assessment of genetic diversity and species relationships in eggplant. According to the Plant taxonomy of Solanum, the result obtained from SSR marker is more reasonable than morphological marker. So we suggest that SSR markers from relative spicise was demonstrated to be available for the genetic diversity study.