| Through field survey and data analysis method, this paper aim to explain the reasons of Locust disasters and the measures for their control and prevention in the Xilinguole District of the Inner Mongolia. It would provide technology support for government to control and prevent the Locust disasters.The Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region have locust sin habitat area nearly 20 million hm2, and locust plague in grassland Xilingole District is the hardest hit, which cover breeding ground area of nearly 10 million hm2. Over the years, the area of prevention and control is only in the 16.27%, which far from satisfactory. 13 countries all happened Locust disasters except two countries without exploitation. We take Abag Qi-ABG as an example to illustrate the condition. The area of outbreak Locust disasters was small only less than 30 hectares, but the strength of cure and prevention can't reach the request. The area of cure and prevention was less than 1/5 to the outbreak area, which lead to the breeding and extension in the area without preventing. From 2000,the area upgrade to 500 million hm2whcih was almost ten times to the 1999.The area of cure were 60 million hm2 that was less than 20% to the outbreak area,which was similar in several years. The outbreak years was around 2000.And then it was odds and ends happened before 2000 and happened seriously after 2000.The condition was the most serious in 1999 from the 1995-1999.The disaster area was 1.56% to the utilization area and the serious was 0.69%.The condition that was 0.28%to the utilization area and the serious was 0.06% was lightly .Totally, the average area was 1.04% to the utilization area and the average serious was 0.41% from 1995 to 1999.From 2000 to 2004, the condition was the most serious in the 2001, which was 33.51% to the utilization area and the serious was 16.84%; the average area was 26.96% to the utilization area and the average serious was 13.58%;,the average area was 1/4 to the utilization area and the average serious was 1/7 .The condition was 1/3 in 2001,the serious was 16.84% .The condition was the serious from the absolute quant.Locust eggs and nymphs are mainly distributed in the vegetation cover is less than 50 percent of the grassland, excessive expansion of the number of livestock that lead to falling of grassland vegetation cover. Vegetation cover is less than 50 percent of the area which is greatly increased locust plague outbreak to prairie; from 1999 to 2002, the natural enemies of locusts birds reduced year by year, to reduce rates were 20%, 28%, 35% and 47% respectively. Locust plague control area and the ratio of small size was a hidden danger for outbreak for the coming yea.It was efficiency significantly for controlling of Plague of locusts. The average cover of control area was higher by 11.33% than the no control area. The dry weight of forage grass was more than 162 kg. By winter hay minimum price of 0.2 yuan / kg,the plague of locusts to prevent and treat each hectare of grassland have higher by 32.4 yuan efficiency, and the average cost of controlling locust plague on the grasslands is 20.37 yuan / hm2, gains of controlling was obvious higher than the expenditure.It was the lack of long-term overall plan and funds for Plague of locusts , which lead to control lags behind the occurrence and spread of locusts; taking locust plague control was as a short-term goal, which directly lead to preventive measures loss then outbreak vicious circle year after year. The locust plague on the grasslands should be determined to governance. |
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