The Effect Of Farmland Soil PH Accommodation On Growth, Quality And Microbiology Development Of American Ginseng

American Ginseng(Panax quinquefolium L.),is placed in the genus Panax,araliaceae,same genus as Ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A.M ayer.) origin from America.in 1948 American Ginseng was first introduced into china from Canada by Jiangxi Lushan Mountain Garden and cultivated,blossomed for several years,then disappeared.It has not been systematically introduced and largely cultivated until 1975 in china.until now ChangBai mountainous is the main area of American ginseng production in Jilin province.The American ginseng business is also characteristic resources and superiority industry in Jilin Province and it is the main industry in the north east of china,but in many years except for the cultivation under the forest,the mostly cultivation had been used to plant is by cutting down the forests,which threatens ecological environment in ChangBai area.In 2000,the government set up natural forest Protection project and it restricted to cut down forest to cultivate ginseng,so ginseng cultivated on farmland become necessity,but the Physic and chemic characteristic of the farmland soil always link to the low production,heavy diseases and insect pest and bad quality.So,on the basic of the improvement of soil,it is very necessary to get a theory research on the growth factors which could influence on the growth and development situation and microbiocenotic in the soil of the (PH,aqua),Also another reason is that there is a controversy among the scholars on the topic of which is the best PH point to the cultivation of American ginseng.Robertså’ŒRichardson(1980),had reported that the best range is 4.55-7.44,however,in Fountain's(1982)opinion,is 4.6-6.8.Also some Chinese scholars assumed that the American ginseng cultivated in farmland,the range between 6.5 and 7.0 is better.Owing to these studies,second the ambit of which the American ginseng grow and develop we set up the range from PH3.5 to PH9.5 to try to find out which is the proper PH-point and what is the best-fit range for the American ginseng growing and developing in farmland.With direction of the GAP regulations,we make a relation between the indexes of growing and developing of American ginseng,the change of the microflora and soil microorganism,Physics status of soil.We apply advanced instrument and technique to explain the function which accommodate the PH of soil promotes. Under the soil condition of Leshan champaign,as to the three-years old American ginseng,when the PH is 5.5,each index of soil nutrient arrive the highest level;as to the one-year old American ginseng,when the PH is 5.5,the soil organic matter,the available P,available N were effectively been used.the available K has been used well at point 6.5.In the range of the PH above,has provided more ideal soil Physics environment and the soil water content and three-Phase compared appear to be suit for the growing for plants.through the experiment,the soil of which PH-point near to 5.5 is benefit from the activity of the microorganism, enhanced effectively the soil the organic content;promote the available N;the available P;the available K use,has created wonderful nutrition environment. When the PH between 5.5 and 7.5,in the whole vegetation season of the three-years old and one-year old American Ginseng no matter the increase or decrease of fungus,bacterium and the actinomycetes,the trend it seems to be more mitigate,it display a "buffer capability",for this point,neither the interval of acid nor the alky are not been generous.Otherwise,the growth velocity of fungus in interval acid is faster than it does in alky interval,either did the actinomycetes in alky interval,but we must pay more attention to that after the Phrase of maturation,in this range,appears many kinds of strains of fungous disease,always in quantity.It means a potential dangerous for the next year growing.After the PH accommodate to the soil(In the range of 5.5-6.5) the each Physiological and resist index of the American Ginseng is extremely comparing with the CK,especially in the aspect of roots weight,roots length, content of chloro as for the three-years old American Ginseng.The American Ginseng in PH 5.5,its ginsenoisides increase 59.2%than CK,the contents of the six kinds of monomer ginsenoisides are more than CK through HPLC and it can instead of the American Ginseng in the forests in some degree.