| In this study, we made use of morphological markers, cytological marker and SSR molecular markers to analyze genetic diversity of grown spring Brassica napus and spring Brassica juncea which is in Inner Mongolia, the results showed that:(1)The average coefficients of variation of the seven quantitative characters of 38 spring Brassica napus and 9 spring Brassica juncea were 22.63% and 43.15% respectively; The average diversity index 0.85and 0.50 respectively; the average coefficient of the 13 quality characters variation were 22.56%, 20.98% respectively. The characters such as cotyledon shape, the shape of the base life, the shape of the plant of spring Brassica napus and the shape of the bristle number and leaf margin shape of spring Brassica juncea did not show the diversity.Clustering results of the shape characters of the two types of the Spring rape show that: In a certain similar distance, different varieties are mostly based on the geographical source of the same or similar to a class together, the 38 spring Brassica napus could be divided into 5 major categories, the 9 spring Brassica juncea could be divided into 4 major categories. What the can be divided in to one specie reference for small distance or the same source.(2)The correlation analysis on the morphologic quantitative traits,quality and quantity of the two types of spring rape showed that: the yield per plant of the spring Brassica napus with the whole-plant pod number and once effective branches number presented a significant positive correlation; Crude fat content with the whole-plant effective pod number presented a negative correlation; glucosinolate content with 1000-grain weight presented negative correlation. The yield per plant of the spring Brassica juncea with the whole-plant pod number, spring effective branches number rape mustard-based and effective whole-plant yield and pod number, 1000-grain weight presented a significant positive correlation; Crude fat content with the whole-plant effective pod number, 1000-grain weight presented a significant negative correlation and presented a significant positive correlation with the seed number per pod; Clucosinolate content with the seed number per pod presented a significant positive correlation and presented a significant negative correlation with the of each fruit was positively correlated with the effective branches number, the whole-plant pod number and 1000-grain weight. The relationship between the yield per plant, the crude fat content and the glucosinolate content of the spring rape showed that: The relationship between them of the spring Brassica napus is not obvious; The yield per plant of the spring Brassica juncea with the crude fat content, and glucosinolate content presented a negative correlation; the glucosinolate content with the crude fat content presented a significant positive correlation.(3)The results of cells microscopic examination showed that: in the dialysis methods to make the picture of spring rapes, the samples of the root tip have been pretreated between 10:00 am and 11:30 am, the samples with 0.002M8 - hydroxyquinoline for 3 hours between 15℃to 20℃, and then acid hydrolysis at 60℃(45% glacial acetic acid: 1N HCL = 1:2) dissociation squashed when be stained for 20min, the nice chromosome preparation can be obtained. The number of spring Brassica napus chromosome is 2n = 38, and the number of the spring Brassica juncea chromosome is 2n = 36, the number of the chromosome hasn't changed.(4)23 pairs of SSR primers were screened and analyzed on total DNA of the 27 spring Brassica napus, a total of 149 polymorphic loci were amplified, 6.48 in per primer; Clustering results showed that: the average genetic distance of the 27 spring Brassica napus is 0.21, the maximum distance is 0.47. At the distance of 0.34, the test materials can be divided into 4 major categories. The cluster of domestic and imported varieties is not obvious, but most of the varieties in the same unit clustered in a small distance. |
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