Screening Of Special Cocktail Enzyme For Paddy Meal Based Diet In Vitro And Its Application To Ducks

In this experiment the special cocktail enzyme for paddy were screened out by in vitro incubation system,and a feeding and digestibility trials were conducted to validate the effects of the special cocktail enzyme application to paddy-corn-soybean based diet for cherry vally ducks,and to evaluate effect of special cocktail enzyme for paddy on the index of growh and development of cherry vally ducks.Experiment 1 Screening of special cocktail enzyme for paddy in vitro and validating the effect of special cocktail enzyme application to paddy9 levels of enzymes recruit- ment,according to U₉(9³) of uniform design experiment design,screened the optimum enzyme combination.To compare the effect of special cocktail enzyme and commercial enzyme application to paddy by TME.56-week aged male ducks,which were used to test endogenous energy metabolism firstly.Then after 2 weeks, randomly divided into 2 groups,15ducks of each group,one group was raised 60g paddy and special cocktail enzyme for paddy,another was raised 60g paddy and commercial enzyme for paddy.The result showed that:the optimum enzyme combination was xyla nase 442.58μg/g,β-glucanase 425.17μg/g,cellulose 475.19μg/g. Validating and comparing the effect of enzyme to paddy by TME,special cocktail enzyme had a similar even better application effect than commercial enzyme preparations.Experiment 2 Effect of special cocktail enzyme for paddy on digestive organ and immunity organ development of 1-14-day-old cherry vally ducksOn day 7,14,5 ducks were randomly selected from each replicates and were slaughtered and collected test samples for determination of the duodenum relative weight,jejunum relative weight,ileum relative weight, muscular stomach relative weight,glandular stomach relative weight, pancreas relative weight,liver relative weight,spleen relative weight, bursal relative weight,thymus relative weight,the length of duodenum, jejunum and ileum.The result showed that:supplemental special cocktail enzyme(500g/t) and special cocktail enzyme(1000g/t) in paddy-corn-soybean based diet for 8-14-day-old duck,compared with corn-soybean and paddy-corn-soybean based diet,significantly(P＜0.05)decreased the relative weight of muscular stomach,jejunum,ileum and liver,significantly(P＜0.05) increased the relative weight of bursal.Supplemental special cocktail enzyme(1000g/t) in paddy-corn-soybean based diet,compared with corn-soybean and paddy-corn-soybean based diet,significantly(P＜0.05) decreased the relative weight of pancreas and duodenum,significantly (P＜0.05) increased the relative weight of thymus.Experiment 3 Effect of special cocktail enzyme for paddy on mucosal morphology and mucosal DNA,RNA of 1-14-day-old cherry vally ducksOn day 7,14,5 ducks were randomly selected from each replicates and were slaughtered.The abdomen was incised,and the small intestine was removed.The small intestine was cut into three 5cm segments and another three 10cm segments at distal duodenum,mid-jejunum and mid-ileum.The 5cm segments were processed,embedded and stained to make tissue sections,the villus height(VH) and the associated crypt depth(CD),villus width(WD) were measured,and then the ratio of villus height to crypt depth(VH/CD) were calculated.The 10cm intestinal segments were opened longitudinally and the contents were flushed with ice-cold normal saline.The mucosa was scraped with a glass slide, snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen and then stored at -80℃.The mucosa was weighed and suspended in ice-cold NaCl solution(4:1,vol/wt).The mucosa was homogenized for 45 s,followed by centrifuging at 3,000 rpm for 15 min.DNA and RNA content were estimated by Schneider's procedure.As a result,on 1-7 days,supplemental special cocktail enzyme (500g/t) and special cocktail enzyme(1000g/t) in paddy-corn-soybean based diet,compared with corn-soybean based diet,significantly(P＜0.05) increased duodenal villus height;on 8-14 days,supplemental special cocktail enzyme(500g/t) and special cocktail enzyme(1000g/t) in paddy-corn-soybean based diet,compared with corn-soybean based diet, significantly(P＜0.05) increased duodenal villus height,compared with paddy-corn-soybean based diet,significantly(P＜0.05) increased ileum villus height.Experiment 4 Effect of special cocktail enzyme for paddy on blood measurements of 1-14-day-old cherry vally ducks. On day 7,14,blood samples were colleted to determined the content of blood urea nitrogen(BUN),total protein(TP),albumin(ALB),globin (GLOB) and the activities of Glutamic-oxal(o)acetic transaminase(GOT), glutamic-pyruvic transaminase(GPT),alkaline phosphatase(AKP).As a result,on 1-7 days,supplemental special cocktail enzyme (500g/t) and special cocktail enzyme(1000g/t) in paddy-corn-soybean based diet,compared with paddy-corn-soybean based diet,albumin significantly increased by 14.29%～17.81%(P＜0.05),and supplemental special cocktail enzyme(1000g/t) in paddy-corn-soybean based diet, compared with paddy-corn-soybean based diet,blood urea nitrogen significantly decreased by 24.35%(P＜0.05).Experiment 5 Effect of special cocktail enzyme for paddy on the growth performance and apparent digestibility of nutrients of 1-35-day-old cherry vally ducksOn day 7,14,21,28,35,the ducks were weighted.Average daily gain(ADG),average daily feed intake(ADFI),the radio of feed/gain(F/G) were calculated weekly.The metabolism experiment was performed with sixty 36-day-old ducks,apparent digestibility of crude,AME and neutral detergent fiber were estimated from the method of exogenous indicator.As a result,on 1-35days,supplemental special cocktail enzyme (500g/t) and special cocktail enzyme(1000g/t) in paddy-corn-soybean based diet,compared with corn-soybean based diet,significantly(P＜0.05) increased average daily gain,significantly(P＜0.05) decreased the radio of feed/gain;supplemental special cocktail enzyme(500g/t) and special cocktail enzyme(1000g/t) in paddy-corn-soybean based diet,compared with corn-soybean based diet,significantly(P＜0.05) increased the apparent digestibility of crude,AME and neutral detergent fiber.