| Gloeostereum incamatum S.Ito et Imai is well-known as edible and medical fungi,eaten like sea cucumber,which has rich nourishment and the medicinal value for treatment of stomach disease.Recently, Gloeostereum incamatum has been artificially cultured initially and successfully in China,it has become one of the most important edible fungi in Northeast.But,quality and quantity is not stable due to the directly using wild species and lacking cultivation management experiment.Research on breeding of new variety and cultivation physiology of Gloeostereum incamatum should be developed immediately so as to keep the leading position of culturing management in China.In this paper,three excellent strains of C-1,C-2 and C-3 which output and quality were superior to their parents were selected from many strains and new species of Gloeostereum incamatum which cultivated with corncob culture materials was selected,Optimization of the compost formula,aimed to establish the basis of breeding and cultivation physiology,offer excellent new variety and corresponding cultivation technology in the corn productive region(northeast of China).The experimental results are as follows:(1) According to antagonism identification,the tested strains were three different physiological characteristic ones which produced possession of specific antagonism line.(2) The result of mycelium cultural character study showed:the temperature that three tested strains growing was between 10℃～35℃,the most suitable temperature was 25℃.Combining with growth speed, growth time and mycelium growth status showed that C-1 was the best strain.(3) The result showed:the optimal adaptability to corncob medium was the strain of C-1.In mycelium growing stage,the contamination of C-1 was only 3%that was lower than the other strains 3%～5%.The mycelium was healthier and stronger,it grew faster and the cultivation bag was full of it in 50d which was earlier than the others for 3-7d.In fruit bodies budding period,the appearing bud time of C-1 was shorter than the other strains for 7～8d.Biological conversion ratio of fruit bodies can reach 66.5%which was 15%higher than the others.The fruit bodies were obviously excelled other strains in big size,thick,colorful(pink) and shape-like flower.(4) The study on extracellular enzyme activity showed:it had complete extracellular enzyme systems, which could make lignocelluloses degradation completely in medium.Extracellular enzyme activity excreted in different medium formula behaved a certain disparity in each growing stage of Gloeostereum incamatum, but the general tendency of enzyme activity was essential same.The cellulose enzyme system had clearly complementary relationship and the activities of hemicellulase were stronger at the reproductive phase.The activity of lignocellulose enzyme system was higher at the mycelial growth stage and then decreased.(5) The nutrition utilization regularity study showed:degradation ratios of all kinds of nutrition in each growth phase were different,the mostly utilization of nonlignocellulose and lignocellulose were mainly in the stage of mycelium growth;Form the change of amylase activity,starch materials were the main nutrition at the earlier stage,the main utilization of lignin was at the stage of mycelial growth;Hemicellulose was utilized mainly in the reproductive growth phase;But the utilization of cellulose was prolonged the whole growth phase.Finally,the average decrement of cellose was 51.39%,the hemicellulose was 32.22%and the lignin was 29.16%.Therefore,the test showed that cellulose was the major nutrition source of Gloeostereum incamatum,secondly was hemicellulose,lignin was fewer relatively.(6) Through the study on mycelium growth condition,yield and biological conversion ratio in different medium,we could find that formula D was the most optimal medium which was composed of 60%corncob, 18%saw dust,20%wheat bran,1%calcium sulfate and 1%sucrose.During the period of culturing mycelium, the contamination ratio of formula D was only 3%which was lower than the other formulas by 1%～4%; mycelium was healthier and stronger and growing faster,filling bag in 45d which earlier 3～20d than the others;average yield was 0.245kg,biological conversion was 81.78%which was 8～34%higher than the other formulas.(7) The nutrition analysis of fruit bodies which were obtained from different medium formulas showed: moisture content of fruit bodies were about 90%,the difference was not significance.But the content of soluble sugar and protein was in significant difference,the soluble protein of formula D was 9.06mg/100g which higher than the others for about 1～2mg/100g,getting a very significant level.The soluble sugar content was 11.96mg/g,which was higher than the others for about 1.5～4mg/g,reached extremely significant level. The color of fruit bodies which obtained from different medium formulas were different,the color of fruit body which obtained from corncob medium was tint.Consequently,this experiment screened a best strain which was suitable to corncob medium cultivation and advanced the optimal temperature and formula of mycelium.Studying the change pattern of extracellular enzyme activities and cellulose was the major nutrition source of Gloeostereum incamatum,secondly was hemicellulose,lignin was fewer relatively.
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