Performance Evaluation Of The Grassland Contract Management Model On Participatory Community

Grassland degradation become important eco-economic problem, affected our country's economic and social sustainable development. The community-based participatory management concepts and models become a useful attempt in solving eco-economic problem of pastoral areas, attracted more people's attention. Performance evaluation of grassland united family contract management model on participatory community can provide the basis of the theory and practice for sustainable use of grassland resources of ecologically fragile areas. This test took Mayinggou village of Yongchang County for example and combined with the use of theoretical analysis, participatory interviews, field survey and literature search methods to study grassland united family contract on the impact of grassland diversity, awareness of farmers-herdsmen and livestock production activities that community-based participatory management model in semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral areas. The results were as follows:1. Through training of international organizations (GEF) and participatory analysis which enhance awareness of farmers-herdsmen to protect grassland environment, Mayinggou village carry out grassland united family contract management in order to reduce the use of strength and improve management performance under government guidance. It can solve the problem of eating the same big pot about nearly 20% of the grassland of Mayinggou village.2. One year after the grassland contract management, grassland communities diversity and productivity have a marked improvement, such as coverage increased 10%, aboveground biomass increased 3.25 g/m2 and the density increased 66-304 per m2, however, the dominant species in grassland community did not change significantly. Generally spearking, contracting grassland richness index, Pielou evenness index and the Shannon-Wiener diversity index increased slightly, Simpson dominance index has a general decline, we think thatthe grasslands is still in the early stages of restoration .3. Improving the local ecological environment because of fixed the right to use the grassland, supported rate of the grassland contract increased from 43% to 80%; After grassland contract, farmers-herdsmen, the wishes of pay the cost of grassland management increased to 73% and they are willing to pay 100~500 yuan per year. The level of awareness of community residents on the grassland degradation and governance means are continuously improved, that create the conditions to rationally use grassland resources for the village.4. The grassland contrac changed the size and structure of livestock farming, such as decreased to 55.64% in the number of livestock, breeding ratio of goat dropped to19.3% and breeding ratio of sheep increased to 80.7%. However, the number and structure of large domestic animals did not change significantly. Small-scale (1~50) farmers increased and large-scale (more than 100) farmers disappeared.5. Family income and expenditure were changed; family net income increased 11.2% from 4407 Yuan of the contract before rose to 4900 Yuan of the contract after, 13% of family net income decreased and 87% of families net income increased. At the same time, the structure of family income also was changed, we found that animal husbandry income was reduced; planting and sideline incomes were increased. Labor force work and become the main way to increase revenue and fetch up economic losses by decreasing in the number of livestock farms.Although grassland contract achieved preliminary results in Mayinggou village and it changed production and living patterns of continuity for many years, the actual animal number of the grasslands is a relatively high level in one and seven society, so the community managers and persistent must control the number of livestock farms; there is a certain degree of difficulty of grassland contracted because the right to use the grassland is not clear. We propose local government and community under conditions of respect for the history to define the right to use the grassland and establish a stable long-lasting lawn contract responsibility system. The govermeng may increase non-agricultural industries skills training and capital investment, achieve the transfer of labor. This mayconsolidate the results of the grassland contract and promote the diversity of socio-economic development in ecologically fragile areas.