| This paper systemically studied the population-Quality indices, Photosynthetic characteristics,Carbon and nitrogen metabolism,grain yield,main quality indices and the resource utilization by using semi-winterness wheat with different types of gluten-Jimai 20(strong gluten),Yumai 49(middle gluten),Zhengmai 004(weak gluten),and weak springness wheat with different types of gluten,Zhengmai 9023(strong gluten),Yanzhan 4110(middle gluten),Yumai(weak gluten) 50.The experimentation was controlled under field conditions in 2007-2008 growing seasons by regulation of sowing date.The main results were as follows:1 The population quality indices of different type wheat varieties with high-quality and grain yieldThe results showed that the total group stems number followed the similar parabola trend.The tiller peak appeared on jointing period for semi-winterness wheat Jimai 20 of different sowing Processing, It is up to 1722.5×104/hm2,but the tiller peak appeared on regreening period for Ymai 49 and Zhengmai 004,they are up to 1742.5×104/hm2 and 2049.44×104/hm2, The spikes of Jimai 20,Yumai 49 and Zhengmai 004 on maturity were 771.7×104/hm2,707.5×104/hm2,and 708.8×104/hm2.The tiller peak appeared on regreening period for Zhengmai 9023 with different sowing Processing and Yanzhan 4110 with early and Suitable sowing Processing,but jointing period for late sowing Processing.jointing period for Yumai 50 with early and late sowing processing,while regreening period for suitable sowing processing.they are up to 1608.78×104/hm2 ,1855×104/hm2 and 1967.5×104/hm2.The spikes of late sowing processing for Zhengmai 9023 and Yanzhan 4110 and that of suitable sowing processing for Yumai 50 are up to 563.4×104/hm2,655.9×104/hm2 and 725.9×104/hm2 and more than that of the others'.Leaf area index showed single-peak curve and the peak all appeared on booting period.as while that of semi-winterness wheat varieaties. was 8.64 and 6.68 of weak-springness wheat varieaties.2 The Photosynthetic characteristics of different types wheatThe Chlorophyll content, Net photosynthetic rate ,Nitrate reductase reactivity and Soluble protein content of flag leaves of six different wheat varieaties all decreased with growth processes. The peak of Chlorophyll content of Jimai 20 and Yumai 49 all appeared on anthesis day, they are up to 4.09mg·g-1 and 4.36 mg·g-1,The Chlorophyll content of Zhengmai 004 firstly raised slowing and then decreased,the peak appeared on the 14 days after anthesis and was 5.09 mg·g-1. The Chlorophyll content of flag leaves of three weak-springness wheat varieties all raised slowing firstly and then decreased rapidly,the peak also appeared on the 14 days after anthesis and were 4.65 mg·g-1,4.46 mg·g-1 and 4.94 mg·g-1.For semi-winterness wheat varieties,that was favorable to increase the Net photosynthetic rate and Soluble protein content of flag leaves when Jimai 20 and Yumai 49 sowed in proper period and Zhengmai 004 in delayed period.With regard to weak-springness wheat varieties,Zhengmai 9023 sowed delayedly in proper period and Yumai 50 in proper period were beneficial to that, but the Net photosynthetic rate of Yanzhan 4110 rise above the sowing date,however early sowing was in favor of elevation the protein content. Sowing in proper period of semi-winterness wheat and sowing delayedly in proper period of weak-springness wheat were favorable to increase the Nitrate reductase reactivity.3 The carbon and nitrogen accumulation, revolution and assignment of different types wheat varietiesThe contribution rate of post-anthesis assimilates was bigger than that of pre-anthesis stored assimilates with different wheat varities.With the reduction of gluten,that of semi-winterness wheat varieties was decreasing,while the weak-springness wheat varieties was reduced to trend higher.But The contribution rate of post-anthesis assimilates was contract,With the reduction of gluten,semi-winterness wheat varieties was Increasing,however,the weak-springness wheat varieties In contrast with them.Harvest index for the semi-winterness wheat varieties was greater than that of weak-springness wheat varieties.Soluble sugar content in plant of six wheat varieties increased at first and then downward after the jointing period,the peak appeared on anthesis period.soluble sugar content of stem and sheath with different treatments were the highest.Soluble sugar content of grain decilned during grain filling stage,and it declined rapidly before 21 days after anthesis,and then Tended to smoothly.The contribution rate of pre-anthesis stored Nitrogen was bigger than that of post-anthesis.With the reduction of gluten, grain nitrogen accumulation in grains of semi-winterness wheat varieties gradually reduced in maturity period,but that of weak-springness wheat varieties was reduced at first and then increased; the contribution rate of pre-anthesis stored Nitrogen of semi-winterness wheat varieties showed gradually increasing.but that of weak-springness wheat varieties was reduction firstly and then increased.the effects of sowing dates on Nitrogen harvest index of all varieties was not significant.4 Yield and its components of high quality and yield wheat varietiesThe yield of semi-winterness wheat varieties were all more then 7500kg/hm2 ,and that of weak-springness wheat varieties were all more then 6000kg/hm2,so the yield of semi-winterness wheat varieties significantly higher than that of weak-springness wheat varieties.The spikes of Jimai 20 and Yanzhan 4110,the grain number per spike of Zhengmai 004 and Yumai 50,the 1000-grain weight of Yumai 49 and Zhengmai 9023 were all more than that of other two varieties.Suitable sowing density of Jimai 20,Yumai 49 and Yumai 50, late sowing and large density of Zhengmai 004 and Zhengmai 9023,The early sowing and small density of Yanzhan 4110 were conducive to improve yield.5 Changes in Nutritional quality ,Viscosity characteristics and Processing quality of high quality and yield wheat varietiesWith the reduction of gluten, the starch and its components content were increased, protein content was decreased (but contract with Yumai 50),the starch and its components content of semi-winterness wheats varieties were higher than that of the weak-springness wheats varieties.the effects of sowing dates on pasting properties of Starch was not significant.Flour farinograms and extensograms of three wheat with different gluten were showed that the strong gluten> mitten gluten> Weak gluten except for pasting properties.The effects of sowing dates on grain moisture content and cellulose were not significantly,Appropriate period of sowing can improve processing quality of Jimai 20,Zhengmai 004,Yanzhan 4110 and Yumai 50,and sowing in early period was benefit for Yumai 49.The falling value,protein content,wet gluten content and falling value of Jimai 20 were more than thoese of the other two semi-winterness wheat varieties,the volume weight,On the contrary ,the protein content,wet gluten content,sedimentation value and cellulose of weak gluten wheat varietiy Zhengmai 004 were the smallest,but while flour yield and moisture content were biggest.the volume weight,falling value,wet gluten and sedimentation value of strong gluten wheat variety Zhengmai 9023 were bigger than those of the other two varieties,but flour yield,protein content,moisture content and cellulose of weak gluten varietiy Yumai 50 were biggest.
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