Study On Utilization Of The Oil Flax Heterosis

Using thermo-sensitivity male-sterile line 1S in Flax as female parents and twelve flax cultivars as male parents,crosses to analyze mid-parent heterosis, overparent heterosis and competitive heterosis of agronomic traits, physiological traits, yield traits, and quality traits in different type oil flax hybrid offspring,s. The purpose is to study interspecific heterosis of oil flax, and in order to provide the oretical basis for riddling new oil flax breed which has high yield and high quality and improving level of breeding techniques. The main results are as follows:1 The heterosis in yield and agronomic traits of different hybrid flaxThe competitive heterosis range of hybrid flax is -0.76%～21.48%,average competitive heterosis is 7.50%. Yield per plant have competitive heterosis, overparent heterosis and mid-parent heterosis. Effective stems and seeds per boll have mid-parent heterosis, competitive heterosis of all traits was not significantly. Bolls per plant was significantly correlated with effective stems, effective branches and bolls per plant at 0.01 levels, The most of characters were affected by their parents at different leve1. The main factors influencing yield are effective stems ,effective branches and bolls per plant, which is main resource of flax yield per plant heterosis.2 The heterosis in photosynthetic characteristics of hybrid flaxanalyzing the heterosis of net photosynthetic rat and chlorophyll contents ,correlation of economic characters heterosis and net photosynthetic rat and chlorophyll contents in F1 hybrid flax and their parents. The results showed that heterosis of chlorophyll contents was significantly, and F1 had different heterosis in budding stage, full flowering stage and fruiting stage. Net photosynthetic rat have positive heterosis in budding stage, but net photosynthetic rat have negative heterosis in full flowering stage and fruiting stage. Chlorophyll contents in fruiting stage was significantly correlated with 1000-seed weight at 0.01 levels, net photosynthetic rat in all mature stages were significant negatively correlated with chlorophyll contents. 3 Analysis of heterosis and its correlation in quality characters of hybrid flax8 main quality characters in hybrid flax were analyzed by using near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) analyzer, which was made by Perten company showed that the heterosis of oleic acid was the highest,second by fat content.The heterosis of stearic acid, linolenic acid and lignan were negative value,and the heterosis of all characters had a large range of variability among crosses. The correlation between the HB of oleic acid and the HB of fat content was significantly positive, The high oleic acid parents should be selected in breeding program, HB of fat content, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid were significantly correlated with HB of 1000-seed weight at 0.01 levels, HB of 1000-seed weight was significant negatively correlated with HB of linolenic acid and lignans.4 The heterosis in capsule dry matter accumulation of hybrid flaxCapsule dry matter accumulation in hybrid flax were analyzed,the result indicated that the dry matter accumulation of F1 with quick- stabile- quick trend; F1 capsule dry matter accumulation displays obvious heterosis.1000-seed weight accumulation with"S''growth curve of"slow—fast—slow",which could be simulated by Logistic equation.