Analysis Of The Effective Chemical Constituents In The Disc Of Helianthus Annu Linn And Their Antioxidant Activity

As China's important oil crops, sunflowers are planted widely. The seeds are used for oil, but the sunflower disc is not empoldered and utilized yet, which is only used as drugs in folk prescription. This paper researched extraction technology of effective chemical composition in sunflower discs and analyzed chemical composition in flowering and maturity sunflowers. Antioxygen of sunflower disc extract from different solvents was researched, which provided theory basis for the exploitation and utilization of resources of sunflower disc.The first chapter is literature summary. Common effective chemical composition of sunflower and medicine (chlorogenic acid, flavonoid, sugar, volatile oil and trace elements) was summarized to lay the foundation for this paper.Chlorogenic acid in sunflower disc was extracted, purified and determined in the second chapter. (1)With ethanol as solvent, the best extraction process of chlorogenic acid from sunflower disc was established through the examination of single factor and interaction of many factors as ethanol concentration, extraction temperature and time, solid-liquid ratio and pH, the rate of extraction was 3.30%. (2) Chlorogenic acid in sunflower disc was purified by D101 macroporous resin. Through the examination of eluent concentration, flow rate and pH value, the best extraction process was established. Together with the method of ethyl acetate extraction, the purity of chlorogenic acid reached 76%.(3) The content of total chlorogenic acid was determined by uv-vis spectrophotometry and the content of chlorogenic acid by HPLC.Carbohydrate (xylose and water-soluble polysaccharide) in sunflower disc was analyzed in the third chapter. (1)With the method of water-extract-alcohol-deposit, water-soluble polysaccharide was extracted from the sunflower disc residue from which chlorogenic acid was extracted. The best extracting technology of water-soluble polysaccharide in sunflower disc was established by single factor and orthogonal experiment, and the rate of extraction was 9.62%. With glucose as standard material, the content of glucose in coarse polysaccharide was determined with phenol-H₂SO₄-coloration method.(2) With the method of high-temperature-dilute-acid,low-temperature-strong-acid and high-temperature-alkali, xylose in agriculture offal as maturity sunflower disc and levant cotton exocarp was extracted. The optimum extraction condition was established by single factor and orthogonal experiment. With D-xylose as standard substance, the content of xylose in coarse xylose was determined by the method of DNS coloration.The content of flavonoids in flowering and maturity sunflower disc was compared and the extraction technology of total flavonoids in flowering sunflower disc was researched in Chapter Four. The best extraction technology of total flavonoids in sunflower disc was established by single factor and multiple factor. It was found that the optimum extraction condition was as follows : ethanol concentration 60%, extraction temperature 70℃, solid-liquid ratio 1:25, extraction time 5h, and the rate of extraction was4.527%. The content of flavonoids in sunflower disc was determined with the method of spectrophotometry.With the method of ICP-AES and wet digestion., the content of 13 kinds of metal element in sunflower disc was determined. It showed that there was full K, Ca, Na, Mg in sunflower disc with the content of 45.1mg/g, 24.07mg/g, 8.51mg/g and 8.58mg/g. And there was a few elements as Fe, Mn, Zn, Ni, Cr are necessary for human body.Volatile oil was extracted from both flowering and mature sunflower disc with the method of steam distillation in the sixth chapter. The influence of solid-liquid ratio to extraction yield was examined, and the composition of volatile oil was identified by GC/MS. It showed that there was plenty of terpenoid in sunflower disc of different stages, in whichα-pinene was the richest.In Chapter 7, The antioxidant abilities of different extractions of flowering and mature sunflower disc were determined. The antioxidant abilities of extractions of sunflower disc were evaluated respectively by pyrogallol autooxidation methods, Feton system, hydrogen system and deoxidize system and compared with Vc of the same concentration. It showed that the extractions of sunflower disc have strong antioxidant activity,and EAF showed the strongest antioxidant activity among extractions.In Chapter 8,the problems encountered in the process of finishing the thesis and should be solved in the future were summarized and analyzed.