Practice And Explore In Development Of Hybrid Rice To Ensure Food Security In East Timor

For the development and use hybrid rice to come true food self-support and to ensure food security in East Timor. The current status of rice production and the factors of advantage and disadvantage in East Timor was analyzed, at the same time, the comparison and screening trials of fifteen hybrid combinations from china were conducted in demonstration farm ;and the result of trials and the problems of rice production were analyzed, and the feasibility of developing hybrid rice to ensure food self-sufficiency in East Timor was studied by author, at last, the strategies of technology in the development of hybrid rice in East Timor were discussed in the paper. the results of research was showed that:1. The East Timor'S present rice production status was studied in this paper. The total yield was insufficient and the yield of per areas was low, and the average yield level was 1.5t/hm2, and the rice grain was often shortage, the percentage of the number of shortage to the total demand of rice grain was58.28%, The convention variety was planted in the local field, but the hybrid rice combination was not cropped in East Timor. The causes of the status were that the model of tillage system was old-fashion, the management of field was free, the technology of cultivation was low and the advantage of hybrid rice was utilized, as the same time, the situation was effected by traditional custom, the low efficiency of rice production, and the difference of culture background, but the main direct causes of this situation are the factor of social and economic development.2. The result of comparison and screening trials were showed that there were significant difference between tested combination and the contrast in yield, the range of their ratio of increasing yield was 79.1% to 143.8%, their yield of LP12, LP10, LP8, LP13 and LP15 were over 9.0t/hm2 in tests. Their growth duration was 101d to 122d, because of having high yield superiority, good economical traits and the high resistance to pest and disease of these, they were suited for planting and demonstration in the local land.3. The total yield of hybrid rice per year in East Timor was reached 274668.24 t if the lowest yield of per hectare was 7.12 t, and the rice grain yield was arrived at 164800.94 t, and remove the rice grain requirement per year in East Timor, the residual of rice grain was 76956.5t, which was over the number of food shortage per year, therefore, to develop hybrid rice in East Timor could ensure food security4. The strategies in the development of hybrid rice in East Timor ,there were three main methods as fellows:firstly, the most method to increase was yield per area was to develop the hybrid rice production ,specially the super hybrid rice demonstration; secondly, the key strategies on enhancing yield per area was to spread hybrid rice technology and to improve rice cultivation and management technology, last, the important ensure of heightening yield per area was to increasing investment in the basic construction of farmland.