| In this study, the A. plantago-aquatica medicine and its growing soil from A. plantago-aquatica origin (Dujiangyan, Pengshan County Wutongqiao area, Chuanshan area) were chosen as research objects. The content of inorganic elements in herbs and soil was determined. And the characteristics of the content of inorganic elements in the A. plantago-aquatica medicinal and their relationship among content, quality and the chemical properties of soil were revealed. Further more, a comprehensive evaluation about the quality of A. plantago-aquatica from the four producing areas in Sichuan was made based on the preceding results. The main results showed as follows:1. The Content of inorganic elements of A. plantago-aquaticaIt has been measured eleven inorganic elements of A. plantago-aquatica from the four producing areas. The contents of inorganic elements of A. plantago-aquatica were different from each other. Among all inorganic elements, the contents of K, Ca, Mg, Na, Mn were highest, Fe, Zn and Cu were higher, while Ni, Cr and Cd were lower. The contents of inorganic elements from different regions were different. There are rich in inorganic elements Fe, K, Ca, Mg, Na and Mn of A. plantago-aquatica in a new base Chuanshan area, while A. plantago-aquatica from main production area including Dujiangyan, Wutongqiao area and Pengshan were rich in essential trace elements Zn, Cr, Cu Ni and toxic elements Cd. Compared with the national standards, it was found that some samples of A. plantago-aquatica from the four producing areas existed different degrees of Cu, Cr and Cd exceeded.It was possible to establish a correlation during the content of inorganic elements of A. plantago-aquatica. The correlation was different from the different producing areas. Overall data for analysis correlation, there was significant correlation between inorganic elements. The amounts between Ca and Mg, K, Mg and K, K and Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu, Ni, Cd, Cu and Ni, Cd, Fe and Mn, Ni and Cd were very significantly positive correlation, meanwhile Cd and Ca, K were both very significantly negative correlation. The amounts between Mg and Mn, Fe and Cr, Na were significant positive correlation. While K and Cu, Cd and Fe, Mn were significant negative correlation. Overall, the amounts between inorganic elements, Ca, Mg, Na, K and heavy metal of Cd were positively correlative. Also the amounts between Ca, K and Cd were very significantly negative correlation. 2. Correlation between quality of A. plantago-aquatica and its inorganic element contentsIt was possible to establish a correlation between the content of inorganic element and quality of A. plantago-aquatica. The correlation result indicated that the correlation between inorganic elements and appearance quality were poor. Only between Ca, Mg, Zn and some indexs of appearance quality were significant correlation. While the correlation between inorganic elements and efficacy chemical of compositions were strongly correlation. Only between Na, Cr and efficacy of chemical composition were no significant correlation.3. The content of A. plantago-aquatica growing soil inorganic elements and correlation between A. plantago-aquatica growing soil inorganic elements and A. plantago-aquatica inorganic elementsIt was significant different that the contents of inorganic elements of A. plantago-aquatica growing soil among different regions. Among four regions, the contents of Cu, Zn, Cr, Cd and Na of A. plantago-aquatica growing soil from Dujiangyan were of the highest, while Pengshan were the lowest. The contents of Fe, Ca, Mg and K of A. plantago-aquatica growing soil from Chuanshan area were of the highest, while Pengshan were the lowest. And the content of Mn of A. plantago-aquatica growing soil from Chuanshan area was the highest, While Dujiangyan was the lowest. Compared with the national standards, the average elements concentration of parts of A. plantago-aquatica growing soil samples was higher than the national agricultural standard value, except Chuanshan area. And compared with the average soil background value of Sichuan and the whole China, the average content of the most elements were higher than the background value from 4 producing areas. The average content of each element comparative analysis results showed that the mineral elements contents in A. plantago-aquatica growing soil were in the order as follow:Fe>K>Na>Ca>Mg>Mn>Zn>Cr>Ni>Cu>Cd. According to comparative analysis, the contents of 10 kinds of inorganic elements in A. plantago-aquatica were lower than those in soils. And it had special enrich ability of A. plantago-aquatica on Cd, with the average enrichment coefficient of 1.22.It was possible to establish a correlation between the content of inorganic element in A. plantago-aquatica and those in growing soils. The contents of Ca, Mg in A. plantago-aquatica and Ca, Mn in soil, K in A. plantago-aquatica and Mn in soil were very significantly positive correlation. While those were all very significantly negative correlation, the contents of Na in A. plantago-aquatica and that of Mg, Na, Fe, Cr, Cd in soil, Zn in A. plantago-aquatica and Mg, Mn, Ni in soil, Mn in A. plantago-aquatica and Mn in soil, Ni, Cd in A. plantago-aquatica and Mn in soil, respectively. The contents of Ca in A. plantago-aquatica and Mn in soil, K in A. plantago-aquatica and Ca in soil, Mn in A. plantago-aquatica and Mn in soil were significant positive correlation. While those were all significant negative correlation, the contents of Na in A. plantago-aquatica and that of K, Zn, Ni in soil, Zn A. plantago-aquatica and Ca, Fe in soil, Mn A. plantago-aquatica and Cr in soil, Ni A. plantago-aquatica and Mg in soil, Cd A. plantago-aquatica and Ca in soil, respectively.4. The correlation between the main chemical substances of the A. plantago-aquatica growing soil and the inorganic elements in A. plantago-aquaticaThe soil nutrient content in four A. plantago-aquatica producing areas was unbalance. Total N was rich, while alkali-hydrolyzable N was lack. K fertilizer was in relatively good condition. K fertilizer from most of soil was in the middle or higher level. The content of P was also inconsistent. P fertilizer of most of the soil reached the middle level or higher. The pH values of soil were quite different in four different producing areas. The soil in Chuanshan area was alkaline, while the other three were acidic. The correlation between the indexes of the chemical properties of soil showed that there was certain correlation between the inorganic elements in soil and the basic physical and chemical properties of soil as well as the different inorganic elements in soil.It was possible to establish a correlation between the main chemical substances of A. plantago-aquatica growing soil and the inorganic elements in A. plantago-aquatica. The result of the correlation showed that 27 pairs of indexes reached significant or highly significant correlation. There were extremely significant correlation between available K in soil and K, Mn of A. plantago-aquatica as well as between the pH value of soil and Ca, Mg of A. plantago-aquatica. There were extremely negative correlation between the available N in soil and Mg of A. plantago-aquatica,the available P in soil and K, Fe, Mn of A. plantago-aquatica, the available K in soil and Cu, Ni, Cd of A. plantago-aquatica, the available K in soil and Cu, Ni and Cd of A. plantago-aquatica, the total N in soil and Mg, Cu of A. plantago-aquatica, the total P in soil and Mn of A. plantago-aquatica, the pH value of soil and Zn, Ni and Cd of A. plantago-aquatica. Besides, there were another 5 pairs of indexes reached extremely significant negative correlation while another 7 pairs of indexes reached significant negative correlation. 5. The comprehensive assessment of A. plantago-aquaticaThe comprehensive assessment of A. plantago-aquatica from four producing areas was adopted the coefficient of variation and principal component analysis. According to the results, the most quality of A. plantago-aquatica was from Pengshan County and Dujiangyan, the next was Wutongqiao area, and the worst one was from Chuanshan area.
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