Study Of Components In Urtica Cannabina L. And It's Anti-inflammation Action

Urtica cannabina L.(Urticaceae) is widely distributed in northwest, northeast and north of China, as well as Sichuan province. The parts of the plant as medical use are whole herb and roots. It has the effects of eliminating pathogenic wind and dampness, promoting the circulation of blood, relaxing the muscular spasm and relieving toxin of snakes. In folk Urtica cannabina L. is used to treat arthritis and joint muscular rheumatism, postpartum palpitation, infantile convulsion, urticaria, viper bites and so on. Recently the anti-inflammation and anti-rheumatism actions of Urtica cannabina L. are of great medical interest. In the other countries lots of studies have been carried out on Urtica dioica L. (Urticaceae) which is widely distributed in Europe. The chemistry components and pharmacological actions of Urtica dioica L. have been reported. The extract of Urtica dioica L. has already been made into many drugs for disease such as joint muscular rheumatism and benign prostate hyperplasia. But there is no study on Urtica cannabina L. reported. In view of scarcity of phytochemical study on Urtica cannabina L. promote us to investigate the chemistry components in Urtica cannabina L. and it's anti-inflammation action.Objective: To study components in Urtica cannabina L. using silica gel column chromatogram, polymide column chromatogram, macroporous adsorbent, and sephadex column chromatogram. To extract, fraction, isolate and purify intigrate and to get pure compound. To establish the structures of compounds isolated from Urtica cannabina L. with the aids of spectroscopic methods including UV, IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, MS. To study the anti-inflammation action of 80％ethanol and water extracts of Urtica cannabina L..Methods: 1. Pre-test of composition of Urtica cannabina L. leaves: Air-dried leaves of Urtica cannabina L. were extracted with acidic ethanol, water, methanol and petroleum ether, respectively. These four extracts were investigated in the pre-test. Testing the integrates in leaves of Urtica cannabina L. following the methods of ingredients pre-test.2. Extraction, isolation and identification: Dried leaves of Urtica cannabina L.(2kg) were extracted with 15L of 95% ethanol for 72h each time at room temperature, the residue was repeated for another two times. Extracts were combined and the solvent was evaporated at reduced pressure. The residue after removing solvent was suspended in 2000mL water and the suspension successively extracted with petroleum ether, ether, ethyl acetate and n-butanol, respectively. Combined organic layers were evaporated to dryness to give Petr-, Et2O-, EtOAc-, n-BuOH- fractions ( 35.4g, 15.8g, 22.2g, 12.2g, respectively ). The petr-fraction contained white powderⅠ(CC on silica gel, Petr-EtOAc 9:1 elution.), white powder Ⅱ(CC on silica gel, Petr-EtOAc 8:2 elution), white powder Ⅲ (CC on silica gel, EtOAc elution.). The leaves after extracted with 95% ethanol were dried and re-extracted again with 15L of 80% ethanol for 2h at 70℃, for three times. Extracts were combined and the solvent was evaporated at reduced pressure. The residue was suspended in 2000mL water and the was successively extracted with petroleum, ether, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. Combined organic layers were evaporated to dryness to give Petr-, Et2O-, EtOAc-, n-BuOH-fractions (12.2g, 10.0g, 15.0g, 8.0g, respectively). The EtOAc-fraction contained yellow powder Ⅳ (CC on polymide, 50% EtOH elution). The n-BuOH-fraction contained yellow powder Ⅴ(CC on D101 macroporous adsorbent, 70% EtOH elution). White powder Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ were further purified with CC silica gel and yielded compounds 1 (10mg), 2 (40mg) and 3 (10mg), respectively. Yellow powder Ⅳ, Ⅴ were purified with CC silica gel and sephadex LH-20 and provided compounds 4 (200mg) and 5 (30mg) respectively. Identification of the compounds got from leaves of Urtica cannabina L. were made with the aids of UV, IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and MS. 3. Study of anti-inflammation action: the preparation of test extracts, dried leaves of Urtica cannabina...