| Objective To study the relationship of the allele frequencies and genotype distribution of transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) gene+869,+915 polymorphism in patients with essential hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy, and to analyze association of the serum levels and genotype of TGF-β1 with essential hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy . Methods The polymorphisms of TGF-β1 gene ,including polymorphisms of TGF-β1 gene +869T/C and+915G/C,were analyzed by sequence specific primers-polymerase chain reaction ( PCR-SSP) methods in 186 patients with essential hypertension and 105 healthy controls, and the serum level of TGF-β1 was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) . Results The essential hypertension with left ventricular hypertrophy group showed significantly higher serum levels of TGF-β1 than control group (P<0.05) ,the distributions of TGF-β1 gene +915G/C polymorphism was not different between essential hypertension with left ventricular hypertrophy group and control group, but the TGF-β1 gene +869T/C polymorphism was significantly different. The relative risk suffered from essential hypertension with left ventricular hypertrophy of C allele was 1.787 times of the T allele (OR =1.787, 95% CI:1.194～2.673) , the serum level of TGF-β1 C allele carriers was significantly higher than nocarriers[(13.89±2.57)μg/L vs (11.48±2.64)μg/L,P<0.05]. Conclusion TGF-β1 gene +869T/C polymorphism was associated with essential hypertension with left ventricular hypertrophy, and C allele may be a risk factor for essential hypertension with left ventricular hypertrophy in which the TGF-β1 C allele may be a increaseed risk factor by enhancing the TGF-β1 expression in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension with left ventricular hypertrophy.
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