| Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder in the central nerve system which characterized by progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). The etiopathogenisis and mechanism of PD is not known. And the current medicinal and surgical treatments are significantly limited within controlling the parts of symptoms, and could not be able to prevent the neurodegenerative progress of PD. With the developed technique of the genetic engineering and the developing research of nerve stem cells (NSCs), it is be possible for NSCs modified with medicative gene to treat PD, which become a cheerful prospect.Up to now, it was identified that there are about of 90% dopamine (DA) localized in midbrain, especially in nigra-striatum. The symptoms of PD will occur when the content of DA in this area decreases more than 70%. And tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) is the rate-limiting enzyme of producing dopamine (DA) for the dopaminergic neurons. Some research shows that the content of TH is depressed synchronously with THmRNA, and the content of DA will be enhanced and the symptom improved, if TH in the middle-brain is supplied. Therefore TH gene is the first choice of medicative genes to treat PD.Stem cells are a kind of cells mass with abilities of massive self-replication in vivo or in vitro and persistent dissymmetric cells divission, which include embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells and stem cells derived from marrow, et al. Since all kinds of stem cells are widely accredited and able to take therapic effect on PD models in the experiments, especially the research on bone morrow stem cells (BMSCs) is a hot spot, while the other two...
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