| Objective CyclinD1 and p16 are involved in the regulation of G1 checkpoint and may play an important role in the tumorigenesis. We set out in this study to examine the expression level of CyclinD1 and p16 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and hypopharygeal squamous cell carcinoma as well as their relationship with clinicopathological features, such as age, gender, cell differentiation, staging, cell differentiation, diseased region and cervical lymph node metastases.Methods 58 tissure samples of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma(LSCC) and 36 tissure samples of hypopharygeal squamous cell carcinoma(HPSCC) who had undergone surgical resection of laryngeal or hypopharyngeal tumours in the Department of Otolaryngology, Qilu Hospital Shandong University between January 2001 and December 2002 were investigated. Histologically, all tumours were squmous cell carcinomas. All patients were not underwent radiotherapy or chemotherapy. The median age of the LSCC patients was 63 years old (range 32-76 years old); the median age of the HPSCC patients was 59.5 years old (range 35-78 years old). Cervical lymph node metastases were detected in 18 LSCC patients and 20 HPSCC patients respectively. TNM classification was evaluated according to the International Union of Counter Cancer (UICC) criteria. 10 cases of normal laryngeal epithelium and 10 cases of normal hypopharygeal epithelium were used as the control group. The level of CyclinD1 and p16 protein was detected by immunohistochemistry. Statistical analyses of the data were performed with SPSS 11.0 for Windows. The correlation between the expression of CyclinD1, p16 and clinicopathological features were assessed using the Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test of probabilities and Spearman rank Correlation analysis. Differences were considered statistically significant at p<0.05.Results (1) The expressions of CyclinD1 in the LSCC and HPSCC tumorous cell were significantly higher than in normal epithelium (LSCC 62.07% vs. 10.00%, p<0.05; HPSCC 63.89% vs. 20.00%, p<0.05), the expressions of pl6 in the LSCC and HPSCC tumorous cell was significantly lower than in normal epithelium (LSCC 48.28% vs. 90.00%,p<0.05; HPSCC 41.67% vs. 90.00%,p<0.05). (2) The CyclinD1 expressions in LSCC and HPSCC tumorous cell were up-regulated in TNM classification (LSCC r_s=0.409, p<0.05; HPSCC r_s =0.420, p<0.05) as well as with cervical lymph node metastases (LSCC r_s =0.294, p<0.05; HPSCC r_s =0.375, p <0.05). The positive rate of CyclinD1 expression had no relationship with the age, gender, cell differentiation and diseased region. (3) The p16 expressions in LSCC and HPSCC tumorous cell were down-regulated with cervical lymph node metastases (LSCC r_s=-0.275, p<0.05; HPSCC r_s=-0.378, p<0.05). The positive rate of pl6 expression had no relationship with the age, gender, stage, cell differentiation and diseased region. (4) Spearman rank Correlation analysis showed an negative correlation between CyclinD1 expression and pl6 expression in LSCC and HPSCC tumorous cell (LSCC r_s=-0.331,p<0.05; HPSCC r_s=-0.420,p<0.05).Conclusions (1) The over-expression of CyclinD1 and the under-expression of p16 may play a significant role in the incidence and development of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma and may be important indicators for cervical lymph node metastases. (2) The CyclinD1 expression in LSCC and HPSCC tumorous cell was up-regulated in TNM classification as well as with cervical lymph node metastases. The p16 expression in LSCC and HPSCC tumorous cell was down-regulated with cervical lymph node metastases. The positive rate of CyclinD1 and p16 expression had no relationship with the age, gender, cell differentiation and diseased region. (3) There was a negative correlation between CyclinD1 expression and pl6 expression in laryngeal and hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Their abnormal expression may play an important synergetic role in the incidence and development of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
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