Expression Of HMLH1 Protein In Esophagus Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Atypical Hyperplasia And Normal Esophagus Tissue

Objective: China is a country that has high incidence rate of esophageal carcinoma, and it is one of the high death rate country because of esophageal carcinoma in the world. Environment and heredity due to carcinogenesis of esophagus. The mechanism of molecular biology, consider at present, is the change of related gene, such as oncogene activation and anti-oncogene inactivation. The hMLH1 gene is a important member of mismatch repair (MMR) system, which is one of four DNA damage-repair gene systems. To study the expression status of hMLH1 protein in esophagus squamous cell carcinoma, atypical hyperplasia tissue and normal esophagus tissue, discuss the relationship between its expression and carcinogenesis ; provide theoretical basis of forepart diagnosis, prevention and genetic treatment of esophageal carcinoma.Methods: Randomly selected specimens (paraffin investing tissue) of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) were gathered from 92 patients who had been treated by esophageal resection in the Center Hospital of Jinan between June of 2001 and December of 2005. All the patients hadnt been treated with radiotherapy or chemotherapy before operation. We obtained clinical information on gender, age and patho-character after operation from the clinical files of each patient. The ninety two patients contract squamous cell carcinoma of esophagus,and request its pathological sections shown squamous cell carcinoma,atypical hyperplasia and normal esophagus tissue. Masculine tissue was used to positive control; phosphate buffered saline(PBS) was used to negative control. Immunohistochemistry(IHC) staining technique was used to detect expression status of hMLH1 protein. We analyzed relationships between the different expressions and the clinical parameters, such as sexuality, age, differentiation level, vertical extent of infiltration, staging of tumor, metastasis of lymphonode. Results:(1) Respectively, the positive rate of hMLH1 protein expression in basilar membrane cell nucleus of tumor, atypical hyperplasia tissue and normal esophagus tissue was 36.96%, 56.52% and 84.78%, which showed significant differences between lesion tissue (including atypical hyperplasia tissue and tumor tissue) and normal tissue(p < 0.010).(2) The hMLH1 protein expression in the cell cytoplasm, as one satellite phenomenon, hint the synthesis position of protein. According to normal esophagus squamous epithelial tissue, atypical hyperplasia tissue, squamous cell carcinoma tissue, positive rate of the hMLH1 protein expression in the cell cytoplasm is to rise.(3) The average age of patients with hMLH1 protein negative was higher than that of patients with protein positive in tumor tissue(p < 0.050).(4) Significant correlation was noted between the positivity rate of hMLH1 and such factors as staging of tumor, metastasis of lymphonode(p < 0.050).(5) The expression of hMLH1 protein in esophageal carcinoma tissues had no relationship with gender, differentiation level, vertical extent of inflltration(p > 0.050). Conclusion: Mismatch repair is involved in carcinogenesis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and occurs in the early stage; hMLH1 protein maybe delay and suppress oncogenesis and invasion of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.