Study Of Protective Effects Of Magnesium Sulfate On Red Blood Cells In Intra-operative Autologous Transfusion

【Objective】To study the protective effect of Mg²⁺ on red blood Cells in Orthopedic surgery usingIntra-operative Autologous Transfusion by maintaining different concentration of Mg²⁺ inthe process of anticoagulation.【Methods】(1) 27 patients aged from 27 to 90 undergoing 3 kinds of Orthopedic surgery wererandomly selected, There were respectively 9 cases undergoing Total Hip Arthroplasty,Pelvic Fracture surgery and other Orthopedic surgery.(2) Intra-operative blood loss was salvaged using ZITI-2000 blood savers for eachpatient and 27 patients were randomly divided into 3 groups according to the concentrationof Mg²⁺ outside red blood cells in the process of anticoagulation: Control Group(withoutadditional MgSO₄),5mM group (maintaining the concentration of Mg²⁺ as 5 mmol/L) and10mM group (maintaining the concentration of Mg²⁺ as 10 mmol/L).(3) Salvage Rate(SR),Mean Corpuscular Volume(MCV),Mean CorpuscularHemoglobin(MCH),Red blood cell volume Dwastribution Width(RDW),DeformabilityIndex(DI) and Stiff Index(SI) were observed.【Results】(1) The SR in 5mM and 10mM groups were much higher than in control group. Whencompared with SR in 5mM group, 10mM group also had a much higher SR.(2) The MCV of washed blood in 10mM group had a remarkable decrease comparedwith control group and 5mM group. When compared with MCV before surgery, MCV ofwashed blood in control group increased significantly, while 5mM group and 10mM grouprespectively increased and decreased without a significant difference.(3) The MCH of washed blood in 10mM group had a remarkable increase compared with control group. When compared with MCH before surgery, MCH of washed blood incontrol group and 5mM group respectively remarkable decreased and decreased.(4) The RDW of washed blood in 5mM group had a increase compared with RDWbefore surgery.(5) The DI before surgery and DI in washed blood had no obvious change between 3groups.(6) The SI of washed blood in 5mM group and 10mM group respectively had adecrease and remarkable decrease compared with control group. When compared with SIbefore surgery, SI of washed blood in control group and 5mM group had a remarkableincrease.(7) Concentration of Mg²⁺,Ca²⁺ and K⁺ remarkable decreased in washed blood. Theconcentration of K⁺ of washed blood in 5mM group and 10mM group had a remarkabledecrease compared with control group.【Conclusion】In the process of Intra-operative Autologous, Magnesium Sulfate added inanticoagulant can increase the salvage rate, protecting the shape and function of red bloodcells without affectting the harmony of electrolyte. To a certain extent, this protectiveeffects depend on the concentration of Magnesium Sulfate outside the red blood cells.