Fundamental Studies On The Chemical Constituents Of Hippophae Rhamnoides L. Subsp.Sinensis Rousi Native To Xinjiang.

Hippophae rhamnoides L.is a deciduous shrub or small tree which belongs to Elaeagnaceae family from Hippophae Linn genus.China is a country with the most abound resources of Hippophae rhamnoides L.in the world.Hippophae rhamnoides L.in China makes up more than 90 percent of the world's resource and is mainly distributed in Shanxi,Tibet,Qinghai,Inner Mongolia,Gansu,Shaanxi and Xinjiang provinces. Traditional Chinese medicine indicated that Hippophae rhamnoides L.fruit had many medical effects,such as invigorating the circulation and reducing of extravasated blood, reducing phlegm,enriching and promoting functions of spleen and stomach,preventing thirst,antipyretic and antidiarrheal abilities.The researches with modern technologies showed that Hippophae rhamnoides L.fruits and leaves were rich in bioactive components,and therefore they were valuable resources of medicinal and edible plants.The most previous researches on the chemical composition of Hippophae rhamnoides L.were mainly focused on the resources from Qinghai,Gansu,and Heilongjiang provinces.There is very little known on properties of wild Hippophae rhamnoides L. native to Xinjiang.Comparing to other provinces,Xinjiang has its unique climate conditions:such as significant difference of day and night temperature,longer time of sunshine,which make Hippophae rhamnoides L growing in here with its special features in terms of chemical composition,content,pharmacological activity.In order to further develop and utilize the resources of estate plants native to Xinjiang,the investigation on the chemical constituents from wild Hippophae rhamnoides L.Subsp.Sinensis Rousi native to Xinjiang were conducted using methanol/ethy1 acetate extraction.Seven monomer compounds were isolated as following:3,4 - Dihydroxybenzoic acid,Methyl ester of malic acid,Quinic acid,Cordyceps acid,Oleanolic acid,Methyl ester of oleanolic acid,β- sitosterol,especially,Quinic acid,Cordyceps acid and Methyl ester of malic acid were separated from Hippophae rhamnoides L.for the first time.In addition,the structures for 7of them were identified using modem spectrum technology(IR,¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR).Considering the similarity of pharmacologic effect of Oleanolic acid and Hippophae rhamnoides L Subsp.Sinensis Rousi reported previously,we proposed that Oleanolic acid might be one of effective constituents in Hippophae rhamnoides L.Subsp.Sinensis Rousi Based on extraction and separation,the contents of oleanolic acid in Hippophae rhamnoides L Subsp.Sinensis Rousi native to Xinjiang from Maigaiti county were measured using HPLC.Meanwile,to investigate the effects of climate and geographic location on the chemical composition of Hippophae rhamnoides L Subsp.Sinensis Rousi, we compared the composition and contents of volatile oil in Hippophae rhamnoides L Subsp.Sinensis Rousi.from northern part of Xinjiang(Maigalti county) and southern part of Xinjiang(Nileke county) using GC/MS.The results showed that the content of oleanolic acid in Hippophae rhamnoides L Subsp.Sinensis Rousi skin native to Xinjiang from Malgaiti county was 18.503+0.32 mg/g(RSD=1.8%),which was higher than that in other medicinal plants.This indicated that Hippophae rhamnoides L Subsp.Sinensis Rousi native to Xinjiang is a new important resource of oleanolic acid;Total of 78 compounds were detected and identified from volatile oil in Hippophae rhamnoides L.Subsp.Sinensis Rousi;44 compounds were identified in Hippophae rhamnoides L Subsp.Sinensis Rousi from Maigeti county;50 compounds were identified in Hippophae rhamnoides L Subsp.Sinensis Rousi from Nileke county and 16 compounds were identified in Hippophae rhamnoides L Subsp.Sinensis Rousi from both counties.The major chemical compositions of the volatile oil in Hippophae rhamnoides L.Subsp.Sinensis Rousi were small molecular weight alkanes.It also contained alcohols,aldehydes,elementary fatty acids and esters.The differences of contents of those compounds in Hippophae rhamnoides L.Subsp.Sinensis Rousi native to southern and northern part of Xinjiang were also observed.It might suggest that the place of production had significant effect on the chemical constituents and their contents.The present study separated,identified and quantified several important active ingredients in wild Hippophae rhamnoides L Subsp.Sinensis Rousi native to Xinjiang. The results provided new scientific information for the further development and utilization of Hippophae rhamnoides L Subsp.Sinensis Rousi native to Xinjiang.