The Open Parenchyma Injury Complicated With Seawater Immersion After Rinse With Different Rinse Solution

Open injury is a complex pathologicOal progress.Many wounds are contaminated,easy to be tainted,that affect the concrescence and resume of the function,even to be deformity or to lose the life of the injuried person.There have been many studies on the open injury,but there are few studies on the injury related environment.Ecological environment in Ocean and land is different.Open injury which occurs in ocean is a kind of special trauma.How to cure wounded person with this special trauma is an important topic.However there are few literatures on traumatic characteristics,mechanism and treatment of open injury complicated with seawater immersion.This study established the model of open injury complicated with seawater immersion to explore seawater impact on parenchyma edema,traumatic pathological changes,mRNA expression of apoptosis related gene Caspase3 and activity of Na~+, K~+-ATPase in the parenchyma after rinsed by saline water in different concentration.Object:To set up the animal model of open injury complicated immersion with seawater immersion.To explore the seawater impact on pathological changes and apoptosis.Then,to explore the differentia of pathological changes and apoptosis after rinsed by the saline water in different concentration.To study possible mechanism of those impact.Method:Sixty New Zealand albino rabbit were utilized and were equally divided into four groups. They were rinse with saline water(group A),rinse with distilled water group(group B),rinse with saline water of 0.45%group(group C) and pute injury with seawater immersion group (group D).Rabbit model of parenchyma injury was utilized,in which the damaged parenchyma were all injury complicated with seawater immersion,and then,rinsed with saline water in different concentration.Tissue sampling was performed at parenchyma injury site at 1h,3h,6h,8h and 12h.All the tissues sampling are in the range of 0.5 centimeter around the wound.0.5 Cubic centimeter tissue sampling was fixed with formalin and stained with HE to be checked for apoptosis related gene Caspase3 by means of immunohistochemistry,1Cubic millimeter tissue sampling was fixed with the mix of 1% glutaraldehyde and 4%paraform in 4℃.The electron microscope was used to detect pathological changes and the difference between the groups.0.5 Cubic centimeter tissue sampling was to determincthe activity of Na~+,K~+-ATPase in the tissue of the rabbits.The experimental data was dealed and analyzed with statistical methold.Result:1.The focal traumatic macroscopic changesThe musculature edema was the most important traumatic changes in groupD.Its presentation was edema on parenchyma,superficial venous dilatation convolution due to seawater immersion,much bleeding and necrotic anabrosis on parenchyma surface.The traumatic changes were obvious at 6h and malignant pathology occurred at 12h in group D.Except for musculature edema,few necrotic anabrosis on the surface occurred in group A. Superficial venous dilatation convolution was the important change in group B,obvious blood and little necrotic anabrosis.Compared with group B,it was more serious in edema,necrotic and blood.2.The pathological changes observed by means of light microscope and electron microscopeThe HE staining of rabbit parenchyma showed that the tissue had clear structure layer, integrated histological structure and normal muscle cells form in group A and B by means of light microscope.Tissues wounded tissue was diffused spongiform vacuoles degeneration, muscle distortion,leucocyte soakage and red-cell at injury site in group C and D.The pathological changes were slightly different in groups at 1h.Different severity of wound tissue occurred at 3h.The tissue edema was obvious at 6h,8h and 12h.The HE staining showed that the onset of wound tissue edema peak and severity were different among the groups.The onset of wound tissue edema peak in group B was at 8h and the severity of edema was almost same at 12h and 8h.However the onset of wound tissue edema peak in group D was at 6h and the edema aggrav progressively.The tissue edema at 12h was severest in group D and severer than all time point in group A.3.mRNA expression of gene Caspase3The optical density(OD) value of Gene Caspase3 positive parenchyma increased progressively in group A,B,C and D.The peak of OD value came at 8h in group A and C,12h in group B and D.The OD value in group D was highest in all the groups.The optical density (OD) value of Gene Caspase3 positive was similitude in 1h,but that increased obviously along with the time.There was statistical significance in groups at 3h,6h,8h and 12h(P＜0.05).4.Determinethe activity of Na~+,K~+-ATPaseThe expression of Na~+,K~+-ATPase in the rabbit parenchyma Of the group A decreased in early experimental time,and then gradually increased following the prolongation of the time. That was lower in group C and D,and lowest in group D.In group A,the activity of Na~+, K~+-ATPase was the highest all the experimental time.Conclusion:1.The open parcnchyma injury complicated with seawater immersion rinsing with normal saline(group A) was obviously better than that with distilled water(group B)and saline water of 0.45%(group C) in Macroscopic,Pathology and Biochemical test.2.It was significant that early treatment,irrigation with normal saline(NS) and debridement in the therapy of open parenchyma injury complicated with seawater immersion could make the wounded tissue breake away from the high osmotic environment and restore to the physiological state.