Detection Of Organophosphorus In Floriculture Greenhouse Environment

Obiective:to understand the environmental exposure factors in the labor process of farmers in the greenhouse by detection the micro-climate conditions and the situation of organophosphorus pesticides exposure,to provide valuable information for exploring the relationship between the occupational exposure and health effects.Methods:Completing the basic questionnaire of 10 flower greenhouse cultivation by interview and obvervation.Compleing the micro-climate environment detection of 30 sampling points in the greenhouses and four control points outside the greenhouses by measurement apparatus testing.Detecting 12 kinds of commonly used organic phosphorus pesticides of 30 canopy air samples,10 soil samples and 10 mosaic samples in the greenhouses by gas chronmatography assay.Results:1 The research of organophosphorus pesticide sampling methods.(1) Detecting organophosphorus pesticide in the floriculture greenhouse air by gas chromatography assay.to sample organophosphorus pesticide in the greenhouse air using Adsorbent sampling method(silica gel tube,macroporous resin tubes,activated carbon tubes,polyurethane foam),a direct sampling method(syringe sample),and media sampling(ultra-fine glass fiber filter paper).only the ultra-fine fiber filter paper sampling method can detect the organophosphorus pesticides in air.(2)Desorbing the air samples collected by ultra-fine glass fiber filter paper with pure re-distilled acetone,extracting and purifying the desorption liquid by nitrogen blowing instrument Laboratory Determination of the average recovery of the detection method was 77.16%～198.64%,relative standard deviation of 4.50% 12.61%and the detection limit is 0.00004～0.00007mg/m~3.2 The detection of organophosphorus in floriculture greenhouse environmental(1) The basic situation of flower cultivation:there were 10 farmers in floriculture who sprayed pesticides,about half of men and women,the age of 23～46-year-old range,the average age of 35.8 years of age;The number of using the back sprayer is 7,and the number of using the electric sprayer is 3.All the 10 flower growers have planted roses,flower planting area in the 1.5 to 8 acres;Planting flowers 5 to 15 years, of which 10 years planting flowers and plants accounted for 50%.(2) The situation of pesticide use:all the 10 farmers did not use any protective measures,and one person smoking in the course of spraying.All the farmers directly exposured their hand-skin to pesticides in the process of the preparation of pesticides.All of the flower directly discarded packaging of pesticides around greenhouses after the prepareration of pesticides without any processing.The farmers used mixed pesticides,which contained a number of pesticides in between 3 to 8.(3) Micro-climate of environmental monitoring results.:Shed 10 points,30 air sampling temperature,relative humidity,wind speed and atmospheric pressure measurements were normal;temperature 17.20～24.7.Between C and relative humidity in the range of 58～94%,wind speed at 0.01～0.17 m / s,pressure at between 610～620 kpa.In the greenhouse there were high temperature(p＜0.05), relative humidity(p＜0.05),small wind speed(p＜0.05) and high pressure(p＜0.05) compared with the control points.(4) Organophosphorus pesticide air monitoring results:30 samples detected dichlorvos,the concentration range of 0.0009～0.2973 mg/m~3,30 samples detected acephate,the concentration range of 0.0006～0.1200 mg/m~3,23 samples detected methamidophos,the concentration range of 0.0003～0.0052mg/m~3,eight samples deteced Phorate,the concentration range of 0.0004～0.0059mg/m~3;three samples were detected omethoate 0.0055,0.0086,0.0102 mg/m~3.(5) when flower sprayed pesticides,dichlorvos,acephate,methamidophos,phorate and omethoate in the greenhouse air didn't exceed the average national standard.(6) Dichlorvos concentrations in air and concentrations of dichlorvos in the soil (R=0.681,P=0.03) and mosaic(R=0.800,P=0.005) existed linear correlation.Linear regression analysis showed that each additional unit of pressure,dichlorvos concentrations in air will be reduced an average of 1.374 units;mixtures of pesticides to increase the number of each kind,the concentration of dichlorvos in air will be reduced an average of 2.284 units.Conclusion:(1) Initially established the organophosphorus pesticide monitoring method in the air of greenhouse,which contained ultra-fine glass fiber filter paper method to collect, sample processing and detection by gas chromatography(2) Floriculture Greenhouse is the particular operating environment,which is high temperature,pressure,relative humidity and poor air circulation,long-term work in the canopy of the flower cause adverse health effects for farmers who plant flowers(3) Floriculture Greenhouse belongs to the Complex environment of the pesticide exposure to,in which the low concentration range of highly toxic organophosphorus pesticides exists at the same time.the concentration of organophosphorus pesticides is very low in the greenhouse,this suggests that the long-term exposure of organic phosphorus pesticides and the combined effects of a variety of pesticides may be the main risk factors of pesticide exposure in the greenhouse.