Studies On Comprehensive Extraction Technology Of Active Principles From Different Physiological Fruit Drop Of Citrus

Limonin, synephrine and hesperidin are the main natural active constituents in physiological fruitdrop of Citrus, which have high application value in food and medicine industries. Encompassing the central task of comprehensive extraction technology of three active principles from different physiological fruit drop of Citrus, choosing the different physiological fruit drops of citrus during the two fruit drop periods which obtained from Citrus Valley Corporation in Songzi of Hubei, China. According to the different varieties, different fruit drop periods and different drying methods, the active principles from physiological fruit drop of Citrus were determined. Active principles extract was prepared by ethyl alcohol reflux, and then they were concentrated by the rotary evaporation. Finally, three active principles were isolated in turn based on different solubility. This article mainly discusses and studies the extraction technology. Through the studies above, conclusions were made as follows:1. The main natural active constituents were extrated by using a single extraction system. Analysis by Combination of color reaction and HPLC showed that there were limonin, synephrine and hesperidin in physiological fruitdrop of Citrus.2. The total techniques of extracting active principles was ethyl alcohol reflux, and the best condition were: 50% ethyl alcohol, ratio of solid to liquid 1:50, temperature 70℃, times 3 and time 2h. The extraction rate of limonin was 2.19μg/mg, that of synephrine was 4.85μg/mg and hesperidin was 24.47μg/mg. Purity were 29.94%, 56.49% and 91.41% , respectively.3,It found that the concents of hesperidin under 80℃hot air drying were higher than other treatment (natural drying, 40℃hot air drying, 60℃hot air drying) by comparing the effects on extracting active principles by different fore-treatment. The concents of limonin and synephrine under 60℃hot air drying had higher values.4. The concents of active principles were different between the same variety in the two fruit drop periods and different varieties. For the same variety, the concents of limonin and hesperidin in the second fruit drop period were higher than that of the first one, while the concents of synephrine were differently decreased. It was found that the fruit drops whose diameters were less or equal than 1.5 cm were good for extracting synephrine. The drops in the second fruit drop period which diameters > 1.5 cm were good for extracting hesperidin and which diameters >2.5 cm were good for extracting limonin by comparing analysis the concents of active principles in different diameter of fruit drops.5. For different varieties, the concents of limonin in orange (Bonanza navel orange, Newhall navel orange, Sour orange) and pummelo (Guanxi honey pomelo, Huyou Pummeio) were higher than those in satsuma orange, which the concents of limonin in Bonanza navel orange were highest (3.52±0.084μg/mg) . The concents of synephrine in satsuma orange (Guoqing No.1, Owari) were higher than those in orange (Bonanza navel orange, Newhall navel orange, Sour orange) and pummelo (Guanxi honey pomelo, Huyou Pummeio), which the concents of synephrine in Owari were highest (20.50±0.89μg/mg). The highest concents of hesperidin were in Guanxi honey pomelo. The concents of hesperidin in Huyou Pummeio, satsuma orange (Guoqing No.1, Owari) and sweet orange (Bonanza navel orange, Newhall navel orange) changed little.