The Expression Of PDCD5 In Esophageal Carcinoma

Objective:Esophageal carcinoma(EC)is one of the most common malignant tumors Worldwide. It is the forth most prevalent malignancy in China. China is a high-incidencecountry of esophageal carcinoma, more than 70% of all esophageal cancer patients in the world are Chinese. Esophageal carcinoma exists in 2 main histopathologicaltypes-esophageal squamous cell caicinoma(ESCC)and esophageal adenocarcinoma(EADC). In China, about 90% of esophageal cancers are ESCC. Most of the patients with esophageal cancer were found in late stage, because their early symptom didn't manifest and poor treatment. The five-year survival rate was only about 25% after ablation. But, if resection in early stage, the five-year survival rate elevates to 90%, and the ten-year survival rate is around 73%.Approaching the pathogenesis of esophageal cangcr and searching the biomarker for early detection and early diagnosis become one of the main directions of the scientific research at present. Recently,many scientists had made painstaking effort to look for the mechanism of esophageal cancer, thereby, we can realize the diagnosis and treatment in early stage. But the etiology and pathogenesis is still in nubilous up to now. So it would be a gigantic mission to continue the research on esophageal carcinoma. As a signal transduction pathway, the Notch gene turned out to be not only plays a critical role in normal tissue and cells differentiation and growth but also correlate to the occurrence and growth of tumorous. If diagnosed and treated in the early stage, The outcome of esophageal carcinoma is far from satisfaction to the advanced stage with metastasesed and recurred patients by the traditional treatment such as surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. however,the survival rate will be greatly improveed. Therefore, the best approach to make the patients with esophageal carcinoma live longer is to diagnose and treat in the early stage.Programmed cell death 5(PDCD5), also designated as TF-1 cell apoptosis-related gene-1 9(TFAR19), is a new identified gene which facilitates apoptosis triggered by certain stimuli. Recent evidences indicate that the expression of PDCD5 protein is down-regulated in some human tumors such as ovarian cancer, gastric cancer, and renal clear cell carcinoma. How about the status of PDCD5 in Esophageal carcinoma and what all effect of PDCD5 is on the progression of Esophageal carcinoma?All these problems remain to be investigated. Here, we would detect the expression of PDCD5 protein in esophageal squamons carcinoma. We expected to explain the role of PDCD5 protein in ESCC. So we would offer a new accordance for the diagnosis and therapy of esophageal cancer in future.Material and Methods fresh specimens from 35 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(tumor and the matched adjacent normal tissue)and 15 case of cancer in situ were received as discarded material from the Shandong Provincial Hospital. Clinicalpathology reports and histopathological diagnosis of each specimen were reviewed to determine the nature of the disease. Each patient is recorded:â‘ gender,age,course and other general state of health.â‘¡primary tumor location,tumor size and clinical staging.â‘¢operation modus,postoperative pathologic diagnosis,the status of lymph node metastasis,and so on. Immunohisto-chemical staining is performed using the Envision two steps method Immunohisto-chemistry was carried out as previously reported. The assessment of the results included the number of positive cells and the staining degree and comprehensive evaluation. Western-blot to check the diferent expression of PDCD5 protein in another 5 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and normal mucous epithelium tissues.SPSS11.0 software is adopted in statistical treatment.Result:â‘ The positive rates of the expression of PDCD5 protein in normal mucous epithelium tissues and precancerous lesions were 85.7%,66.7%. which did not differ statistically(P>0.05),however both of them were significantly higher than 34.2% in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (P<0.05).â‘¡The results of the Western blot show that the expression of the PDCD5 protein in tumor tissues is obviously lower than normal tissues in thesame patient.â‘¢The low expression of PDCD5 protein in esophageal squamous cell Carcinoma did not correlate with diameter of tumors (P>0.05),but correlate significantly with lymph node metastasis(P<0.05)Conclusion:â‘ The PDCD5 protein shows a low expression in the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.â‘¡The low expression of PDCD5 protein may contribute to invasion andtransference of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.