Sodium Hyaluronate Injection For The Repair Of Aricular Cartialge In Traumatice Arthritis Of Rabit Knees: An Experimental Study

Objective: Traumatic arthritis is very common in orthopedic clinical diagnosis and treatment these days. It seriously affects the everyday life and work, brings great sufferings to body and mind and creates huge burden to family and society. Because of a nerve, blood vessel, or lymphatic vessel not in articular cartilage, it repairs itself after the injury of articular cartilage .At present, the therapeutic methods of the traumatic arthritis are very much,example for Subchondral drilling and Periostium and Perichondrium Transplantation and Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation and Gene therapy and Tissue Engineering et al. Whether Sodium Hyaluronate injection can repair the direct injury of articular cartilage, the report about this is rare present .They are all the surgical treatments. But intraarticular sodium hyaluronate injection is a conservative drug-healing. In this experiment, we make the modols of the man-made full-thickness defects of articular cartilage in rabites through drilling into the bone below articular cartilage and resection of the anterior cruciate ligament to investigate the preventive effect of the Sodium Hyaluronate to post-traumatic osteoarthritis by injecting inarticular cavity and provide experimental basis for the clinic therapy to post-traumatic osteoarthritis.Methods: 10 New Zealand rabbits are fed 10 days before the experiment.The rabbits without illness can eat food and drink.Then they are used to the experiment. The rabbits do not drink and eat 12 hours preoperation and are shaved. 3.2mm diameter full-thicknessd defects of articular cartilage in the medial femoral condyle were made through drilling and resection of the anterior cruciate ligament in 5 male and 5 female New Zealand white rabbit 20 knees. Then the rabbits were randomly divided into two groups: experimental group and control group.There are 10 knees in every group. Do not injected into the knee joint cavities 8 days before operation. Postoperative inflammatory reaction will gradually subside. 9 days after operation, 1%SH0.2ml is injected into the knee joint cavity of experimental rabbits and 0.9%NSO.2ml is injected into the knee joint cavity of contral rabbits and then every five days for 35 days postopratively. The animals were sacrificed and draw maferial at 8 weeks after operation. To observe gross appearance,the sections of full-thickness defects were stained by Hematoxyli-Eosin (HE) staining to observe histological structure, and immunohistochemical method to investigate the expression of collagenâ…¡, to score histological and histochemical result.Results: 1. Gross appearance of articular cartilage in every group after intra-articular injection for 5 weeks .In the experimental group, the whole surface defect of articulation recovered basically, the defect zone is consistent of chondroid tissue, no obvious adhering in joints. In the contral group, the whole surface defect of articulation recovered Incompletely, the defect zone was filled with red and semitransparent granulation tissue, repaired tissue was lower than the surface of normal articular cartilage, the surrounding tissues of the defect zone obviously ldegenerated. There was significant diference between scores of gross appearance in experimental group and those in contral group (p<0.05) after intra-articular injection for 5 weeks. 2. The histological observation of Hematoxyli-Eosin(HE) staining in articular cartilage of each group after intra-articular injection for 5 weeks, the specimens in experimental group are consistent of chondroid tissue,the apperences of which are temper rolling .The morphouses of cells are similar with normal chondrocytes. Cell-layers are obviovs, The collocation of cells is regular. The inferior tidal line of articular cartilage recovers on the whole. In contral group, we can see much of fibrous tissue recovery. The appearances of cartilage are not flat.The two extremitats of defect meromixis with normal articular cartilage. The cells morphouses are obviously different to normal Chondrocytes. The collocations of cells are not regular. Cell-layers are not obviovs. The inferior tidal line disappead. There was significant diference between scores of histological observation in experimental group and those in contral group (p<0.05) after intra-articular injection for 5 weeks. 3. After ntra-articular injection for 5 weeks, in experimental group,the defect zone is mainly consistent of chondroid tissue, the fixed tissues were closely connected to their nearer cartilage, collagenâ…¡expression in the shallow layer cell of repaired tissue,no obviously collagenâ…¡expression in the middle layer cell and the bottom layer cellof repaired tissue,cells without in clusters,the collocation of cells is more regular. In contral group, we can see much of fibrous tissue recovery in the defect zone, the fixed tissues were partly connected to their nearer cartilage, small cells generating, a faint collagenâ…¡expression in the shallow layer cell of repaired tissue, the collocation of cells is irregular. In the cartilage defects, expression of collagenâ…¡in experimental group was higher than that of contralgroup, there was significant diference( p<0.05). Conclusions: The healing of full-thicknessd defects of articular cartilage in rabbit knees treated by SH is beter than that in rabbit knees with NS treatment. There is significant diference between the healing efficiency in experimental group and that in contral group. SH can stimulate healing of collagenâ…¡after the full-thickness defects of articular cartilage in rabbit knees .