Rethinking Lyndon Johnson Administration Of Domestic Reform

After World War II, the United States has undergone considerable development in economy, and rapid accumulation of social wealth, economic prosperity and material abundance with the advantage of the world's hegemonic position and with the development of the third wave of technological revolution. However, under this prosperous and affluent appearance, the Unites States confronted a series of serious social crisis: poverty intensification, racial confrontation and lack of public services. The conservative Eisenhower administration pursued the "inaction" of the policy. With the deepening voice of reform, people want the government to make a difference. In 1960, in the slogan of Kennedy "new frontier", the United States took action again economic policies, civil rights and poverty in areas such as a tentative reform, but with a shot of Dallas, he was dead before achieving his dreams. So he left rich political legacy to the stand-in successor Lyndon Johnson, Which is the prepared necessary conditions for domestic reform of Johnson. The successor President Johnson, decisively took over the banner of liberal reforms. He not only inherited the political legacy of John F. Kennedy, but also pursued his own political ideals to revitalize the United States and realized his dream to become the greatest president in U.S. history.On May 22, 1964, Johnson came to the University of Michigan, facing more than 8000 students, Johnson passionately talked about his conception about U.S. future, made a speech on "the great society", and also summoned students devoted their will and love to join in the great struggle. He confidently declared: "in your time, we not only have a chance to move to a wealthy and powerful society, but also we walked to a more great society." His speech expressed "great society" was to establish a civilized society beyond the physical world. Johnson put forward the basic outline of the cognitive and social reform of the United States in the future: firstly, to kill poverty; Secondly, speed up the civil rights legislation, eliminate racial segregation and discrimination, and realize social groups of equality; Thirdly, speed up the construction of the welfare state, and improve people's life quality; Fourthly, relieve urban crisis, beautifying nature and the environment, make every American can live a full, rich, and serene life. Surrounding these goals, Johnson launched a comprehensive reform in anti- poverty, civil rights, welfare system, life quality and so on.This paper tries to explain the domestic reform of Johnson government from six parts: the first part is mainly to analyze the reform background, from "another American" exists, the black civil-rights movement of booming development, such as the lack of government's public service background, expounded the social public the arrival of calling this reform.The second part mainly introduced Johnson's political growth experience as well as his own political ideas, after all this reform was launched by him. Reform will brand himself peculiar mark. Johnson's personal political experience and very idealistic political ideas, determine that he would not only inherit the political legacy, but also to pursue their own political ideal.The third part mainly analyzes and explained the content of this reform from four aspects.The fourth part mainly analyzes the reason of the reform failure. It analyzed form external factors that affect the Vietnam War, internal factors reform and environmental degradation and Johnson personal factors.The Fifth and sixth parts analyze the influence and comment of this reform. The influences of the reform are various and will certainly to have the extremely profound influence to the American history. This reform has basically completed the historical mission that it should undertake.