The Influence Of Employment Pressure On Anxiety Of The College Graduates : Resilience As A Mediator

In this study, it selects 240 college graduates from a university in Changchun as the sample through random sampling. They are surveyed on graduates' employment pressure, resilience and anxiety state by the method of questionnaire investigation, and there are 207 effective questionnaires, the collecting rate is 86.25%. Using Cronbach's coefficient and confirmatory factors analysis, the reliability and validity of Chinese Resilience Scale for Adults (CRSA), Graduates' Employment Pressure Questionnaire(GEPQ) and State Anxiety Inventory(SAI) are reviewed to ensure the applicability of the measuring tools. Checking the differences of employment pressure, resilience and anxiety on demography variables, analyzing correlations among the three and mediating effect of resilience, we get the final results:(1) Chinese Resilience Scale for Adults (CRSA) developed by Yang (2008) is reliable and valid. There is the 5 dimensions structure of graduates' resilience (including Personal Strength, Structured Style, Social Competence, Family Cohesion, Social Resources).(2) There are significant sexual differences in resilience, employment pressure and their dimensions. The scores of Family Cohesion, Social Resources in CRSA and Job Competitive Environment, Major Supply-Demand Contradiction in GEPQ of females are higher than males'.(3) There are also significant major differences in anxiety, employment pressure, and their dimensions. The total scores in anxiety and pressure of graduates majoring in arts is higher than ones in science. The differences in employment pressure are highlighted in Job Competitive Environment, Job Expectation and Major Supply-Demand Contradiction. In the Social Resources of CRSA, arts graduates scored significantly higher.(4) In the Lack of Job Hunting Help of GEPQ, only-child and rural graduates get significantly greater pressure than non-only-child and urban graduates.(5) The scores of GEPQ, CRSA(including Personal Strength, Structured Style, Social Competence, Family Cohesion, Social Resources) and SAI are significantly related to each other. Employment pressure is positively related to anxiety, while resilience shows signify- cantly negative relations with both employment pressure and anxiety. The 5 factors in CRSA are positively related to each other. Employment pressure shows no relations with Social Competence, Family Cohesion, nor Social Resources. Anxiety is not related to Social Competence nor Social Resources of resilience.(6) Through mediating effect analyzing, it shows that the influences of employment pressure on anxiety include direct and indirect effect. Resilience plays an intermediary role between employment pressure and anxiety, and the total effect is 0.550,including mediat- ing effect 0.055, the ratio of the mediating effect and total effect is 10.0%.In sum, for the graduates, employment pressure has direct influence on the level of anxiety recently, on the other hand, has indirect effect by intermediary variable(resilience). In the situation of employment pressure, the greater pressure would engender the lower level of resilience, which redoubling the degree of anxiety. Therefore, considering the effective settlement of graduates' negative emotion problems coming from choosing jobs, we should enhance their tolerance ability and restoring force, so as to promote the relief of negative emotion.